NSCI 225 LC 2

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56 Terms

1

_____: striped pattern used by researchers tot study feature detectors in the human visual system

grating

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2

________: neurons adapt after extended exposure causing their firing rate to decrease and neuron to fire less when stimulus is repeated

selective adaptation

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3

as we move down the visual pathway, receptive fields get _____ (bigger/smaller) and _______ (more/less) specific

bigger, more

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4

"____" pathway = ventrally to the _____ lobe

what, temporal

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5

"_____" pathway = dorsally to the _____ lobe

where/how, parietal

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6

landmark discrimination takes place in the _______ lobe

parietal

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7

object discrimination takes place in the ______ lobe

temporal

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8

agnosia is a problem with the _____ pathway

what

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9

_______: no trouble identifying objects but can't reach them

optic ataxia

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10

which is the smallest? orientation columns, hyper-columms, or location columns

orientation

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11

3 stages of object perception

early vision, mid-level vision, high-level vision

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12

which stage of object perception? detecting and combining features, gestalt laws

early vision

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13

which stage of object perception? constructing surfaces and objects in a 3D space, figure ground segregation

mid-level vision

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14

which stage of object perception does binocular vision most come into play

mid-level vision

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15

which stage of object perception? identifying the object

high-level vision

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16

_____ completion: unconscious process of completing shapes that are partially hidden, filling what is being occluded

amodal

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17

_____ completion: filling in something that is actually not there, filling what is doing the occluding

modal

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18

_______ regularities are thing we expect to perceive in objects/scenes, using schemas

semantic

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19

which gestalt cue? we tend to continue contours when there is an implied direction (seeing crossing lines in string rather than dividing x)

law of good continuation

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20

which gestalt cue? forms with the most simplicity and ease of remembrance are most easily understood. simplest shapes we can make out is what we tend to see

law of simplicity/pragnanz

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21

which gestalt cue? things that share familiar features more likely to be grouped as whole

law of similarity

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22

which gestalt cue? grouping things that are closer together, things further as separate

law of proximity

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23

which gestalt cue? leads us to group together objects moving in the same direction

law of common fate

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24

which gestalt cue? things more likely to form a group that appear familiar or meaningful

law of familiarity

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25

which gestalt cue? elements within the same region of space are grouped together

principle of common region

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26

which gestalt cue? a connected region of the same visual properties are perceived as a unit

principle of elemental connectedness

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27

which gestalt cue? visual events that occur at the same time will be perceived as going together

principle of synchrony

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28

which pictorial depth cue? when one object is partially hidden by another, it is perceived as further away

occlusion/interposition

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29

which pictorial depth cue? further things appear smaller. when two objects are the same size, the one further will be smaller on retina.

relative size

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30

which pictorial depth cue? if you know how large an object actually is, the size of the retinal image can give you a depth cue

familiar size

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31

which pictorial depth cue? using shadows to give depth information

shadows

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32

which pictorial depth cue? as a surface recedes from light, it appears less bright and more darkly shadowed

shading

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33

which pictorial depth cue? objects further away look less sharp and clear

atmospheric perspective

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34

which pictorial depth cue? items further away look more closely packed together because the density of a texture's gradient varies with distance

texture gradient

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35

which pictorial depth cue? stimuli with a higher relative height seem further away

relative height

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36

which pictorial depth cue? as parallel lines head into distance, they look like they converge (2 names)

perspective convergence/linear perspective

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37

convergence is a ______ (intra/extraocular) and ______ (mono/binocular) cue

extraocular, binocular

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38

accommodation and blur is a _____ (intra/extraocular) and ______ (mono/binocular) cue

intraocular, monocular

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39

we first see disparity selective neurons in ___

V1

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40

__ degrees disparity is the most represented in V1

0

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41

after V1, disparity selective neurons are mainly found in the _____ pathway

where

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42

which depth cue? when moving, objects that are closer seem to move by faster

motion parallax

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43

which depth cue? as you move past something, the thing that is further away will be covered by closer object and come out on other side

deletion and accretion

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44

_____: the difference in images of the two eyes

binocular disparity

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45

______ (crossed/uncrossed) disparity occurs for objects in front of the horopter

crossed

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46

_______ (crossed/uncrossed) disparity occurs for objects past the horopter

uncrossed

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47

______: the perceptual outcome of binocular disparity

stereopsis

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48

in IT areas, activation is due to ______ not ______

perception, sensation

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49

ponzo illusion (yellow line and train tracks) corresponds to what pictorial depth cue

linear perspective

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50

which theory of color vision? we see color based on activation of 3 cone types and the comparison of those activations

trichromatic theory

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51

which theory of color vision? Hering, color vision comes from 4 primary colors arranged in opposite pairs

opponent-process theory

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52

green is paired with ____ and blue is paired with _____

red, yellow

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53

patient RV had ______

optic ataxia

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54

FFA is activated by ______

perceptual expertise

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55

______: fuzzy edge of a shadow

penumbra

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56

_______: idea that making sense of a 3D world with a 2D retinal image is a difficult problem to solve

inverse projection problem

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