Unit 1 World Geo Vocab

Unit 1

population density

amount of people that live in a place

population distribution

when people live in a given area

crude birth rate (CBR)

the number of live births per 1,000 people in a population per year.

crude death rate (CDR)

the number of deaths per 1,000 people in a population per year.

rate of natural increase (RNI)

the difference between the crude birth rate and crude death rate in a population.

human development index

a system developed in order to rank how developed a country is, 98 is high, 32 is low

democracy

theocracy

a system of government in which priests rule in the name of a god or a deity. It combines religious authority with political power.

dictatorship

a form of government in which a single leader or party has absolute power and authority over the state, often suppressing opposition and limiting freedoms.

oligarchy

a form of government where power resides in the hands of a small, elite group, often based on wealth, family ties, or military control.

monoarchy

a form of government where a single person, usually a king or queen, holds all political power, often hereditary in nature.

infant mortality rate

the number of deaths of infants under one year old per 1,000 live births in a given year.

child mortality rate

the number of deaths of children under five years old per 1,000 live births in a given year.

infrastructure

organizational structures and facilities needed to support a society.

push factor

reasons people leave their country (religious freedom)

pull factor

reasons people move to a new location (land, jobs, war)

emmigration

to exit a country

immigration

to enter a country

urbanization

increase of people living in an urban area

culture (cultural diffusion)

the spread of ideas, patterns, and behaviors

acculturation

happens when the members of one culture adopt the practices and values of another culture, often through direct contact or influence.

assimilation

the process where individuals or groups adopt the culture of another group, losing their original cultural identity.

sustenance farming

small scale farming where they grow enough for family or town

commercial farming

the large-scale production of crops and livestock for sale in markets, often for profits

traditional economy

use of barter system to trade goods and services instead of using currency, often relying on customs and traditions for production and distribution.

command economy

government holds power and make economic decisions

free marker economy

citizens are responsible for the economic flow, supply and demand are key

mixed economy

profit is the main driver but the government has a say, too.

primary

lumber, fishing and agriculture industries that extract or harvest natural resources directly from the environment.

secondary

makes things, using raw goods and turning it into a product for sale

tertiary

provides services and support, such as retail, entertainment, and healthcare.

quationary

research and development, big brain activity

quinary

involves high-level decision making and management, often in fields like education, government, and finance.