Neuro 342 Drugs and Behavior: Opiates Pt. 2

- euphoria

- decrease sex desire

- miosis(constriction of pupils)

- hypotension and bradycardia

List the acute effects of opiate intoxication?

- dysphoria

- restlessness

- nausea

What are the adverse effects of opiates?

- respiratory failure

- possible unconsciousness

What are the effects of high doses from opiates?

- constipation

- impotence

- collapsed veins

What are the long term effects of opiate use?

- behavioral

- pharmacodynamic

What type of tolerance occurs with opioids?

Opioid overdose: *Respiratory failure. Why?

- miosis

- coma

- respiratory depression

What is the classic triad of opiate overdose symptoms

Naloxone(narcan)

- competitive antagonist for Mu receptor

How do you intervene(treat) an opioid overdose?

displace opioid agonist from opioid receptor

- works for ~30 min

How does narcan work?

rapid detoxification

What is the most effective treatment for opiate withdrawal?

- methadone(agonist)

- suboxone(partial agonist)

- naltrexone(antagonist)

Opiate withdrawal treatment is also combined with what other drugs?

synthetic opioid

- full agents at Mu receptor

How does methadone work?

slower acting and longer lasting than heroine or morphine

- no rush or impairment in thinking

What are the effects of methadone?

CYP enzymes

- make inactive metabolites

How is methadone metabolized in the liver?

~ 55 hours

What is the half life of methadone in those who are non addicted?

~ 24 hours

What is the half life of methadone in individuals who have opioid tolerance?

- liver damage

- loss of white matter in brain

- depression

What are the chronic effects of methadone?