Psych Study Guide Exam 4 Study Guide

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Morality with feelings

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31 Terms

1

Morality with feelings

Ignoring other people's feelings and acting based on personal desires or preferences.

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2

Right Action

Acting in a way that goes against our feelings, desires, and preferences, but is morally right.

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3

Responsibility

One's moral and legal obligations that depend on behavior and circumstances.

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4

Culpability

Moral responsibility for one's actions.

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5

Bystander Effect

The tendency for individuals to help less when others are present during an emergency.

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6

Diffusion of Responsibility

The belief that others will take responsibility, leading to decreased helping behavior.

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7

Egoism

Giving to others for personal gain, self-esteem, or to avoid failing to meet expectations.

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8

Emotion

Feelings or affect that can involve physiological arousal, behavior reactions, facial expressions, and affective responses.

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9

Conscious

The faculty by which we determine if we are guilty of a moral offense.

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10

Psychodynamic Model

A person's behavior is largely determined by psychological forces of which they are not consciously aware.

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11

Humanistic Psychology

Focuses on personal growth, self-actualization, and the importance of the individual's subjective experience.

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12

Intrinsic Motivation

Motivation that comes from within oneself.

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13

Extrinsic Motivation

Motivation that comes from external forces.

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14

Self-Serving Bias

Taking credit for successes and denying responsibility for failures.

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15

Fundamental Attribution Error

Overemphasizing internal factors and underemphasizing external factors when explaining others' behavior.

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16

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

A therapeutic approach that focuses on changing patterns of thought and behavior.

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17

Cognitive Dissonance

Psychological discomfort caused by holding inconsistent thoughts.

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18

Categories of People Prone to Error

Those who seldom think for themselves, let passion rule their lives, lack common sense, or never reexamine their opinions.

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19

Forming Responsible Opinions

Engaging in critical thinking and resisting the temptation to treat opinions as facts.

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20

Guidelines of Persuasion

Respect your audience, understand their viewpoint, begin with a common point, take a positive approach, concede where the opposing side has a point, and allow time for acceptance.

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21

Techniques for Compliance

Foot in the door, door in the face, low balling, and that's not all.

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22

Recognizing Manipulation

Stacking the deck, suppressing dissent, repetition, asking questions, and checking sources.

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23

Personal Identity

A set of characteristics that distinguishes one person from others.

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24

Social Identity

The way an individual defines themselves in terms of their group memberships.

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25

Recognizing Race

The ability to identify racial differences, typically developed by age 3 or 4.

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26

Mine is Better Thinking

A cognitive bias that prevents us from identifying flaws in our own ideas and leaves us vulnerable to manipulation.

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27

Juror #3's Speech

A significant speech about children and his son, reflecting his biased thoughts on the defendant's guilt.

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28

Juror #8's Evidence

Introducing a knife identical to the murder weapon as evidence.

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29

First Juror to Change Vote

Juror #9, an old man.

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30

Requested Item for Further Questioning

A diagram of the apartment.

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31

Key Evidence on Female Witness' Face

The eyeglass impression on her nose, noticed by Juror #9.

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