Physics 10 - Energy Unit

Transform

Changes a form of energy to a different energy type, such as converting kinetic energy to potential energy or electrical energy to thermal energy.

Transfer

The movement of energy from one location to another, such as from one object to another or from one system to another.

Kinetic Energy (KE) Formula

The formula for kinetic energy is KE = 1/2 mv², where m is the mass of the object and v is its velocity.

Gravitation Potential Energy (GPE) Formula

The formula for gravitational potential energy is GPE = mgh, where m is the mass, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the height above a reference point.

Kinetic Energy

The energy an object possesses due to its motion, calculated using its mass and velocity.

GPE

Gravitational potential energy, which is the energy stored in an object due to its height above the ground, influenced by its mass and the acceleration due to gravity.

Conservation of Energy

Energy conservation does not mean saving energy. Instead, the law of conservation of energy says that energy is neither created nor destroyed. When people use energy, it doesn't disappear, but instead, it changes from one form of energy into another form.

Types of KE

Mechanical, Electrical, Radiant, Thermal, and Sound Energy.  

What is Mechanical Energy?

This is the energy associated with the motion of objects or the energy stored in objects due to their position, encompassing both kinetic and potential energy. 

What is Electrical Energy?

This type of kinetic energy arises from the movement of electric charges (electrons). The faster the charges move, the more electrical energy they carry. 

What is Radiant Energy?

Radiant energy, also known as electromagnetic radiation, travels as waves and includes forms like light and heat. 

What is Thermal Energy?

Thermal energy, or heat energy, is a form of kinetic energy associated with the random motion of atoms and molecules within a substance. 

What is Sound Energy?

Sound energy is a form of kinetic energy that travels as vibrations through a medium, like air

Types of PE

Gravitational, Elastic, Chemical, Nuclear, and Electric. 

Gravitational Potential Energy:

This is the energy an object possesses due to its height or position in a gravitational field. Think of a rock held high in the air, or water behind a dam.  

Elastic Potential Energy:

This is stored in objects that can be stretched or compressed, like a spring, rubber band, or bungee cord.

Chemical Potential Energy:

This is stored in the bonds of molecules and can be released through chemical reactions, like in a battery or fuel. 

Nuclear Potential Energy:

This is the energy stored within the nucleus of an atom, which can be released through nuclear fission or fusion. 

Electric Potential Energy:

This is the energy associated with electric charges and electric fields. 

Magnetic Potential Energy:

This is the energy associated with magnetic fields and can be considered a form of electric potential energy. 

Why is no process of energy transformation 100 percent efficient?

According to the second law of thermodynamics, some energy is always lost as heat, which is often unusable and cannot be converted back into useful energy.