3 Key Diplomatic Agreements for Palestine

When did the McMahon-Hussein Correspondence occur?

1915-1916

Who did Britain ally with in Arabia?

Sharif Hussein bin al-Hashimi.

What 3 reasons did Britain contact Sharif Hussein bin al-Hashimi?

Disrupt Ottoman War effort

Secure the Suez Canal

Provide political and religious legitimacy for Britain.

What religious reason did Britain have for allying with the Sharif of Makkah and Medina?

An alliance with the ruler of holiest cities of Islam would reduce the legitimacy of the war on the allies being called a jihad.

How many letters were sent between McMahon and Hussein?

10

Who was Sir Henry McMahon?

British High Commissioner in Egypt

What did Hussein agree to do?

Launch an Arab revolt against the Ottoman Empire

How much gold did Hussein ask in return for the revolt?

£50,000 a year

What change in territory did Hussein request in return for the revolt?

Pan-Arab state post WWI

Which territories were left out of the pan-Arab proposals in the McMahon-Hussein correspondence?

Portions of Syria West of Damascus

Homs

Hamma

Aleppo

Why may have the British been deliberately vague in the promise of a pan-Arab state?

Claim Palestine on wording

Why may Britain have genuinely misunderstood the wording of the promise of pan-Arabism?

Poor translations

When was the Sykes-Picot agreement?

1916

Which countries did Britain negotiate with for the Sykes-Picot agreement?

Russia

France

What part of Mesopotamia did Britain gain as a colony under the Sykes-Picot agreement?

South-East Mesopotamia

What part of Palestine did Britain gain under the Sykes-Picot agreement?

Haifa (on the Palestinian coastline)

What area of Turkey did France take according to the Sykes-Picot agreement?

South East

What areas did Russia gain according to the Sykes-Picot agreement?

Armenia

Istanbul

Why did Russia want Istanbul under the Sykes-Picot agreement?

Constantinople was the birthplace of Orthodox Christianity

What area was deemed international territory under the Sykes-Picot agreement?

Modern day Palestine

What agreement did the Sykes-Picot agreement contradict?

Hussein-McMahon correspondence

What did the Balfour declaration support?

Zionist movement

What agreements did the Balfour declaration contradict?

Hussein-McMahon correspondence

Sykes-Picot agreement

When was the Balfour declaration issued?

October 1917

How did the war against the Ottomans influence the Balfour declaration?

Stalled in 1917 and wanted to break through

How did the decline of Britain's allies influence the Balfour declaration?

Desperate without Russia as an ally

How did Britain believe that the Balfour Declaration would secure American assistance?

Large Jewish population

When was the Balfour Declaration issued?

1917

How did Britain change the final Balfour declaration to make it more cautious?

Facilitate the achievements of this objects

What 3 broader changes did the final Balfour declaration?

Cautiousness

Scope

Palestinian rights

What type of rights did the Balfour could not be infringed upon?

Political

Which religions formed associations in reaction to the Balfour declaration?

Muslim-Christian

When was the King-Crane commission set up?

1919