Chapter 10: Cardiovascular System

The cardiovascular system is also called

the circulatory system

carry blood away from the heart

arteries

capillary

allow change of oxygen, nutrients, waste products, and other substances between the veins and cells

veins

collect blood from venules and return to the heart

the apex of the heart rests above the

diaphragm

the 2 upper chambers are called

atria

the 2 lower chambers are called

L/R ventricle

the….. divides the heart into left and right halves

septum

found between the left atrium and ventricle

bicuspid valve

found between the right atrium and ventricle

tricuspid valve

the SL Valves are found between the…. and … leading out of the heart

ventricles and arteries

SA Node

peacemaker

before the impulse hit the cells they are in a

polarized state

stroke volume

the amount of blood pushed out of the left ventricle compared with the total volume of blood that filled the ventricle

pulse greater than 100

tachycardia

a sign of heart disease

cardiomegaly

abnormal heart rate

arrhythmia

fast heart rate

atrial fibrillation

lower than normal bp

hypotension

orthostatic hypotension

caused by sudden change in body position

thrombophlebitis

deep vein thrombosis (DVT) occurs when a thrombus forms in a vein deep in the body, usually in the legs

mitral valve prolapse

occurs when 1 or both cusps of the mitral valve protrude back into the left atrium during ventricular systole

chest pain

angina pectoris

mediastinum

space in thoracic cavity that lies between the lungs containing the heart, trachea, and esophagus

glucose

a simple sugar that is absorbed by the intestines and found in the blood

polycythemia

a condition caused by a abnormally large number of red blood cells in the blood