Elements of Industrial Plant Machineries Exam Review

Practice flashcards created to help review key concepts from the Elements of Industrial Plant Machineries lecture notes.

What is the process two-stroke engines perform to complete one cycle?

Compression and power stroke.

What is the refrigerant used in steam jet cooling?

Water

What is the boiling point of Freon-12 at atmospheric pressure?

21 deg F.

Which type of water cooled condenser is NOT found in refrigeration?

Double shell.

What component of an absorption refrigeration system cools the solution?

Absorber.

At what temperature is cascade refrigeration cycle often used?

Below -46 deg C.

What type of valve is used to maintain pressure difference while the compressor is operating?

Thermostatic expansion valve.

What is the drop in power consumption of a compressor for each 3 deg C drop in inlet air temperature?

1 percent.

What modern method is used to detect air compressor leaks?

Acoustic leak detector.

What is the maximum pressure on soil due to foundation of stacks?

Pressure due to the weight.

What should the pipe sleeve surrounding foundation bolts be in terms of size?

At least 2 times the diameter of the anchor bolt.

What happens to the back ratio for multi-stage compression of an ideal Brayton cycle?

Remains the same.

What is the specific speed of a turbine with a speed below 5?

Impulse turbine.

What type of turbine is a high discharge type?

Francis turbine.

What is used to minimize the speed rise due to sudden load rejection?

Shut-off valve.

What is a fluid property referring to intermolecular attraction?

Cohesion.

Which of the following is NOT a cause of black smoke in a diesel engine?

High compression pressure.

What is NOT a method of starting a diesel engine?

Using another generator.

Under normal conditions, how is a solid material subjected in a batch tray dryer?

Under constant drying conditions.

Which geothermal plant is used when brine is present underground?

Double-flash geothermal.

What is the most important safety device on a power boiler?

Safety valve.

What must safety valves be during a hydrostatic test?

Closed.

What should the temperature of feed water be without deaerating heaters?

Not less than 102 deg C.

What type of reaction releases chemical energy as heat?

Exothermic reaction.

What is the new capacity of a centrifugal pump if initial flow is 150 gpm and speed changes from 1700 RPM to 3000 RPM?

265 gpm.

What happens to heat rejected by reheating steam in an ideal Rankine cycle?

Decreases.

What is the highest steam temperature allowed at turbine inlet?

620 deg C.

What is the new head of a centrifugal pump after changing the speed from 1700 RPM to 3000 RPM?

373 ft.

What common gases are employed in Stirling and Ericsson cycles?

Hydrogen and helium.

What is the pressure ratio range for a common gas turbine design?

10 to 12.

In Brayton cycle, heat is transformed during what process?

Isobaric process.

What is the new brake power of a centrifugal pump when speed is changed from 1700 RPM to 3000 RPM?

37 bhp.

When does the fuel injection process in a diesel engine start?

Leaving TDC.

What happens if the cut-off ratio in a diesel cycle increases?

Efficiency will decrease.

What is the term for a waiting room in a building?

Lobby.

What is a continuous path of travel from any point in a building to a public way?

Pathway of access.

What is any device used to increase refrigerant pressure?

Pressure-imposing element.

What stores refrigerant for operational or standby purposes in a refrigeration system?

Accumulator.

What is a secondary refrigerant?

A liquid used for heat transmission without a change of state.

What is a three-way valve?

A service valve for dual pressure-relief devices.

What type of tubing is exposed to damage post-installation?

Unprotected tubing.

What do blends in refrigeration cycles refer to?

Zeotropic.

Which occupancy type cannot leave without others’ assistance?

Institutional occupancy.

What system is a secondary coolant in contact with substances to be heated or cooled?

Direct open spray system.

What is the refrigerant number for carbon dioxide?

R-744.

What is the refrigerant number for propylene?

R-1150.

What is refrigerant R-40?

Chlorodifluoromethane.

What is the impact of Carnot cycle's source temperature increase?

Efficiency will decrease.

What happens to quality after expansion by superheating refrigerant?

Decreases.

What is the minimum piping size for bottom blowdown lines?

3/4 inch.

What is another name for an attemperator?

Desuperheater.

Where are air chambers attached?

Discharge side of reciprocating pumps.

What is the diameter of the steam cylinder in a reciprocating pump of size 3” x 4” x 6”?

4”.

How many exit doors should be present in a boiler room?

2.

What PPE should be worn to prevent eye injuries from flying debris?

Safety eye goggles.

What should be on a refrigerant cylinder when moving it?

Protective cap.

In what position should refrigerant cylinders be stored?

Upright.

What action should be taken if refrigerant is escaping?

Stand back and look for a valve.

What will happen if R-22 refrigerant is careless on skin?

Frostbite.

What must you do when lifting a heavy object?

Use your legs, not your back.

How is temperature defined?

The level of heat.

At what temperature does water freeze under standard conditions?

Zero °C.

In which direction does heat flow?

From warm substance to a cold substance.

What does a rise in sensible heat cause?

A rise in thermometer.

What does latent heat cause?

A change of state.

What is the process of transferring heat to an unwanted place?

Refrigeration.

What substance can readily be vaporized and then condensed?

Refrigerant.

What is the color code for the cylinder of R-11?

White.

What is the color code for ammonia cylinders?

Orange.

What is the color code for R-12 cylinders?

Darker orange.

What is the color code for R-22 cylinders?

Green.

What is the color code for R-134a cylinders?

Light blue.

What does the metering device do?

Meters refrigerant.

What will trying to stop escaping refrigerant with hands result in?

Frostbite.

Which organ does electrical shock most affect?

Heart.

What is the third wire on an electric drill?

Ground wire.

What is the standard weight for copper tubing most used in HVAC?

L.

What does the size of ½ inch refer to in ACR copper tubing?

Outside diameter (OD).

What is the typical size for tubing used in air conditioning installations?

High-pressure side.

What is brazing done at?

Higher temperature than those used for soldering.

What is a common filter material used in brazing?

95/5 tin-antimony.

What does a flux keeps down while soldering?

Oxidation.

What safety precaution should be taken when working with refrigerants?

Wear goggles and gloves.

What moves air across the heat exchanger in a forced-air system?

Air handler.

What is an electrical current that changes direction?

Alternating current.

What is the unit of measurement for current flow?

Ampere.

What meter uses a needle to indicate value?

Analog meter.

What is L-shaped metal supporting member used for?

Support vertical risers.

What is ACR tubing made especially for?

Refrigeration and HVAC work.

What process is heating and cooling material to strengthen it?

Normalizing.

What is the process of converting a liquid into a fine spray?

Atomizing.

What is black iron pipe?

Carbon steel pipe with coloring from the carbon.

What method joins metals using non-ferrous filler metal?

Brazing.

What is the heat measure needed to raise water temperature one degree?

Btu.

What is a closed female pipe fitting used to close off pipe's end?

Cap.

What rigid plastic pipe can withstand heat up to 180 °F?

PVC pipe.

What pipe is used in unpressurized cold-water systems?

PE pipe.