GEOLOGY FINALS PART 3

Geological Method

Field Mapping

Petrographic Study

Geochemical Method

Structural Analysis

Drilling and Sampling

Paleontological Method

Remote Sensing

Stratigraphic Study

Field Mapping

Geologists go outside to observe rocks, take notes, and make maps showing where different rocks and faults are found.

Petrographic Study

They look at rock samples under a microscope to identify the minerals and learn how the rocks were formed

Geochemical Method

Rocks and soils are tested in the lab to know their chemical composition, which helps find mineral deposits.

Structural Analysis

Studies the folds, faults, and layers of rocks to understand movements in the Earth’s crust

Drilling and Sampling

Involves collecting rock and soil samples from underground to study what’s beneath the surface

Paleontological Method

Uses fossils to know the age of rocks and what the environment was like long ago

Remote Sensing

Uses satellite images or drones to see and study large areas of land quickly

Stratigraphic Study

Examines rock layers to understand Earth’s history and where natural resources might be found

Exploration Techniques

Exploration activities are carried out to find minerals or petroleum. They usually begin with low-impact methods to look for signs of resources, and if these are promising then we move to more advanced and expensive techniques like drilling

Exploration Techniques

Geological Mapping

Geochemical exploration

Geophysical exploration

Geological Mapping

Geologists walk over the area and study the rocks visible on the surface. They note the types, positions, and structures of rocks to create a geological map, which helps understand the area’s geology

Geochemical exploration

This exploration helps identify potential areas for further exploration. Getting samples of soil, rocks, or sediments are collected and analyzed in a lab to find traces of minerals. Sampling is often done in a grid pattern.

Geophysical exploration

Geophysical explorations study the Earth’s physical properties to locate different rock types or hidden resources without digging. They can be done from the air, on the ground, or in drillholes