Dr. High Yield Heme/Onc

What laboratory findings are common in sickle cell crisis after triggering factors like infections or medication?

Normal MCV, ↑LDH, ↑indirect bilirubin, ↓haptoglobin.

What are the symptoms of Cold Agglutinin disease?

Cyanosis of fingers, ears, nose, and recent Mycoplasma infection.

What is the first-line treatment for immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)?

Prednisone.

What signs and symptoms characterize Hemophilia in patients?

Recurrent bruising, hematuria, and hemarthroses with ↑ PTT.

Which genetic condition is associated with the loss of spectrin?

Hereditary spherocytosis.

What happens in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria?

Defect in PIG-A leading to lysis by complement.

What triggers an Aplastic Crisis in G6PD deficiency?

Exposure to oxidant stress like primaquine or fava beans.

What is the initial treatment for Vit K deficiency?

FFP (fresh frozen plasma) acutely, followed by a vitamin K shot.

What are the symptoms of DIC (Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation)?

↑ PT and PTT, ↓ fibrinogen, and ↑ D-dimer.

What is the most common coagulopathy observed in liver disease?

Vitamin K deficiency, characterized by ↓ factors II, VII, IX, and X.

What is the mechanism behind heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)?

IgG antibodies to heparin bound to platelet factor 4 (PF4).

What two factors are often not depleted in patients with liver disease?

Factors VIII and von Willebrand factor (vWF).

What is the typical treatment for TTP (Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura)?

Plasmapheresis.

List some potential causes of unprovoked thrombus development.

Cancer, lupus anticoagulant, protein C/S deficiency, factor V Leiden, AT III deficiency, OCPs/HRT, nephrotic syndrome.

What is common in patients with an arterial clot 7 days post-op?

Platelet count 50% less than pre-op indicating possible HIT.