excretion

Selective reabsorption

The process in the kidney where only necessary molecules are reabsorbed back into the bloodstream by the nephron.

Ultrafiltration

High blood pressure in the glomerulus forces smaller molecules from the blood into the Bowman's capsule, including excess water, salt, urea, and ions.

Parts of the kidney

Include the medulla, glomerulus, and Bowman's capsule, where blood is filtered to remove waste and form urine.

Parts of the ureter

Tubes connecting and transporting urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

Parts of the urethra

Tube where urine flows out of the body.

Concentration of urine

Influenced by factors like water intake, temperature, and exercise, affecting the volume and concentration of urine.

Deamination

The process of breaking down excess amino acids in the liver to form urea, removing the nitrogen-containing parts of amino acids.

Components of urine

Include urea, excess water, and excess ions, formed by ultrafiltration and selective absorption in the nephron.

Nephron

Part of the kidney that filters blood, separates waste, and returns needed substances back into the bloodstream, consisting of the medulla, glomerulus, and Bowman's capsule.

Urea

Toxic in high concentrations, excreted in urine, and formed in the liver from excess amino acids.