Sonography Principles and Instruments - Chapter 1

The diagnostic ultrasound imaging (sonography) method has two parts:

(1) Sending ______ of ______ into the body, and (2) using ______ received from the anatomy to produce a(n) ______ of that anatomy.

pulses, ultrasound, echoes, image

Ultrasound gray-scale scans are _________ - _________ images of tissue cross-sections and volumes.

pulse-echo

The brightness of an echo, as presented on the display, represents the _________ of the echo.

strength

A linear scan is composed of many _________, _________ scan lines.

vertical, parallel

A sector scan is composed of many scan lines with a common _________.

origin

A linear scan has a _________ shape.

rectangular

The shape of a sector scan is similar to a _________ of _________.

slice, pie

A sector scan can have a(n) _________ or a _________ top.

pointed, curved

The image is an example of an image in which the scan lines do not originate at a common _________.

origin

Sonography is accomplished by using a pulse-echo technique. The important information gained from this technique includes the _________ from which each echo originated and the _________ of each echo. From this information, the instrument can determine the echo _________ and _________ on the display.

location, strength, location, brightness

The _________ is the interface between the patient and the instrument.

transducer

Transducers generate ultrasound _________ and receive returning_________.

pulses, echoes

Echo information in3D is presented on _________ displays.

2D

Acquisition of a 3D echo data volume requires scanning the ultrasound through several tissue.

cross-section

The Doppler effect is a change in echo _________.

frequency

The change in frequency is a result of _________.

motion

The motion that produces the Doppler effect is that of the _________.

reflector

In medical applications, the flow of _________ is commonly the source of the Doppler effect. Doppler information is applied to _________ for audible evaluation and to _________ for visual analysis.

blood, loudspeakers, displays

The visual display of Doppler information can be in the form of a _________ -Doppler display or a _________-Doppler display.

color, spectral

Color-Doppler displays can present Doppler-_________ and Doppler-_________ information in color.

shift, power

What is the image representing

2D linear image

What is the image representing

3D gray-scale image

What is the image representing

spectral display

What is the image representing

modified sector image

What is the image representing

2D sector image