molecular mechanisms driving transcriptional initiation

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9 Terms

1
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mediator complex

  • bridges vast sections of chromatin to enhance transcriptional initiation through protein-protein interactions

  • middle domain opens up and becomes accessible to RNA pol II

2
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how to visualize a specific nascent transcript

  • characteristic RNA structures after transcription start site, directly before gene

  • RNA binding protein fused to GFP bound to RNA structure on CTD of RNA pol II

3
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transcription

occurs through successive burst

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transcriptional efficiency

correlated to increased burst frequency

5
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P-granules

droplet examples of liquid-liquid condensates

6
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liquid-liquid phase separation

can be mediated by intrinsically disordered domains

7
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liquid-liquid condensate formation factors

  • concentration

    • number of macromolecules (DNA, RNA, protein, etc)

  • valency

    • electrostatic interactions

    • post-translational modifications

    • intrinsically disordered proteins

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dynamic kissing model

mediator and RNA polymerase II form liquid-like structures in the cell during transcription

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burst phenomenon

accounted for by RNA-dependent formation and dissolution of transcriptional condensates