Sensations and peceptions Eye and Retina

Cornea

Transparent outer layer of the eye that helps to focus light.

Iris

Muscular structure that manipulates pupil dialation

Pupil

The opening in the center of the iris that allows light to enter

Lens

Manipulates image focus

Aqueous Humor

Transparent fluid between lens and cornea

Vitreous Humor

Viscous filling behind the lens

Retina

Light sensitive membrane that images project onto

Fovea

Center of visual field

Rods

Large cylindrical shaped photoreceptor

Cone

Small tapered photoreceptor

Rods see what?

Better in the dark, less detail and color

Cones see what?

Best in bright light, color and sharp detail

Blind spot

Place to the side of the vision that brain fills the gap for

Receptors- rods and cones

transduction of light energy into electrical

Bipolar cells

Relay information from receptors to ganglion cells

Ganglion Cells

have long axons that project through optic nerve to the brain

Horizontal cell

transmit signals between receptors

Amacrine Cells

transmit signals between bipolar and ganglion cells

Macular degeneration

destroys the cone-rich fovea, creating blind spot in the center of the vision

Retinitis pigmentosa

Damages peripheral rods first and the advances to more central cones

Convergence

When multiple neurons synapse onto one neuron