Biological Rhythms

Circadian Rhythms 

• Biological rythims that occur over a 24 hour period. Synced up with external environemnts. Cued by Zeitbergs

Zeitgeber

Cues that signals something about the time of day

Suprachiasmatic Nucleus 

Contains the circadian rhythm. Gets direct input from a pop of ganglion celld

Pineal Gland

Gets a signal from SCN which releases melatonin

Retinal ganglia cells

Sensitive to blue light 

Wgat two proteins does the SCN make

Clock and cycle

Clock ad cycle

Proteins that form a dimeer. Dimer activates two genes, period and cryptochrome.

Lateral Hypothalamus

• Produce orexin onto neurons in the reticular formation

Slow-Wave Sleep

• Growth Hormones released

  • Memory assoiciations

Orexin

• Coordinate systems in the brain that mediate wakefulness

Reticular Formation

ELectrical stimulation causes animals to wake from sleep

Ventrolater Preoptic Area VLPO

Neurons in here, do the opposite of orexin neurons. Release GABA onto neurons in the reticular formation, inhbits wakefulness

Narcolepsy

Overwhelming sleepiness occurs suddenly and unpredictably 

Sleep Paralysis

Brief inability to move after waking