Chapter 2 | Fundamental Forces

Fundamental Forces

Forces that holds and governs the universe

Gravitational, Weak Nuclear, Electromagnetic, Strong Nuclear Force

What are the 4 Fundamental Forces

Gravitational Force

All objects on the Earth experience this force due to the Earth.

Gravity

Governs the motion of the moon and artificial satellites around the earth, the motion of the earth, and planets around the sun.

Gravitational Force

An invisible force

Gravitational Force

Force that holds all objects onto the earth

The Earth's Pull

The other term for Gravity

1 x 10 ^-38

Strength of Gravitational Force

Gravitational Force

It exists wherever there is matter. As long as there is mass, there is gravity

Matter, Mass

It exists wherever there is ___. As long as there is ___, there is gravity

Directly Proportional

Gravitational force is ____ to weight

9.8 m/s^2

The Gravitational Acceleration on Earth

1.6m/s^2

The Gravitational Acceleration on the Moon

Stars, Planets and Moons

Gravity forms ___, ___, and ___, and forces them to spin on its axis and move along an orbital path

Center of Mass

The Sun and planets all orbit a shared ___

Gravity

The force that creates pressure and fusion energy in the core of stars, allowing them to burn for years

Weak Nuclear Force

Causes radioactive decay

Radioactive Decay

A process wherein unstable atoms break down and give off radiation

Weak Nuclear Force

Appears only on certain nuclear processes such as the beta-decay of a nucleus

Neutrino and Positron

What is emitted during beta-decay

10-18 m

The range of the Weak Nuclear Force

Unstable

If the Weak Nuclear Force does not exist, many types of matter would be much more ___

Weak Nuclear Force

This force allows the fusion of Protons and Neutrons to form Deuterium

Weak Nuclear Force

Stabilizes heavy atoms through the release of radiation

Deuterium

A stable, heavier isotope of hydrogen

Electromagnetic Force

Force that causes the interaction between electrically charged particles

Coulomb's Law

Describes the force between two electrically charged particles at rest

Unlike, Like

Attractive for ___ charges and Repulsive for ___ charges

Electromagnetic Force

Acts over large distances and does not need any intervening medium.

Electromagnetic Force

Binds atoms and molecules together to form ordinary matter

Strong Nuclear Force

The strong, attractive force between nucleons in the atomic nucleus that holds the nucleus together

Strong Nuclear Force

Binds protons and neutrons in a nucleus

Strong Nuclear Force

Strongest of all basic forces

10-15 m

The range of the strong nuclear force