Chapter 11: Physical Development in Middle Childhood

These flashcards cover key concepts related to physical development in middle childhood based on the lecture notes.

Body Growth

Physical growth continues at a slow, regular pace during middle childhood.

Growth Norms

Age-related averages for height and weight that should be applied cautiously due to worldwide variations.

Secular Trends

Systematic change from one generation to the next in body size, such as increased height and weight.

Malocclusion

The failure of upper and lower teeth to meet properly, affecting one-third of school-age children.

Synaptic Pruning

The process where gray matter peaks in middle childhood and then declines, optimizing brain function.

Nocturnal Enuresis

Bedwetting during the night, affecting 15% of children in industrialized nations.

Obesity

A condition characterized by an excessive amount of body fat, increasing risks for various health issues.

Myopia

Also known as nearsightedness; the most common vision problem in middle childhood.

Herdity

Genetic factors contributing to traits like physical size and predisposition to obesity.

Physical Activity

Essential for maintaining physical health; needs to be encouraged in school-age children.

Family Eating Habits

Patterns related to food consumption within families affecting children’s nutritional status and risk of obesity.

Health Education

Teaching strategies aimed at increasing health knowledge and promoting healthy behaviors among children.

Rough-and-tumble play

Friendly chasing and play-fighting, important for emotional and social development.

Interventions for Chronic Illness

Strategies like home visits and health education aimed at supporting families with chronically ill children.

School Recess

Important time for both play and learning, linked to improved academic performance and social skills.