Studied by 7 people
Synthesis
The United States is a combination of people from around the world.
Columbian Exchange
Trans-Atlantic trade in animals, plants, and germs that altered global lifestyles.
Jamestown
The first permanent English settlement in Virginia, marking the start of a new nation.
Native Cultures
Historians emphasize the vibrant cultures in the Americas before Columbus's arrival.
Bering Strait Land Bridge
Possible route for Asian migrants to the Americas over 10,000 years ago.
Mayas, Aztecs, Incas
Highly developed civilizations in Central and South America.
Algonquian, Siouan, Athabaskan
American Indian language families in North America.
Southwest Settlements
Hokokam, Anasazi, Pueblos with multifaceted societies in the dry region.
Great Plains
Nomadic hunters and sedentary farmers living on the plains.
Protestant Reformation
Religious conflict in Northern Europe leading to exploration and colonization.
Columbian Exchange
The transfer of plants, animals, and germs between the Americas and Europe after Christopher Columbus's voyages.
Spanish Conquistadores
Spanish explorers and conquerors who played a significant role in establishing Spanish dominance in the Americas.
Treaty of Tordesillas
An agreement in 1494 between Spain and Portugal to divide the newly discovered lands outside Europe.
Bartolome de Las Casas
A Spanish priest who advocated for better treatment of Native Americans and fought against their enslavement.
Valladolid Debate
A formal debate in 1550-1551 in Spain discussing the treatment and rights of Native Americans in the Spanish colonies.
English Colonization
English settlements in North America and their interactions with Native Americans, leading to conflicts and warfare.
French Fur Trade
The French policy of establishing trading posts and maintaining alliances with Native Americans for fur trading purposes.
Spanish Settlements in North America
The slow development of Spanish settlements in regions like Florida, New Mexico, Texas, and California.
European Treatment of Native Americans
The differing approaches of Europeans, including the Spanish, English, and French, towards Native Americans in the Americas.
Native American Tribal Identity
North American tribes viewed themselves as distinct groups rather than part of a larger Native American community, impacting their responses to European settlers.
European Influence
Initially, European goods like copper pots and guns intrigued Native Americans, leading to interactions with the newcomers.
Adaptation to European Arrival
After suffering losses from European violence and diseases, Native Americans had to adopt new survival strategies.
Tribal Alliances
Some tribes aligned with different European powers to seek support and ensure survival in the face of European invasion.
Migration
Certain tribes chose to relocate to new territories to escape encroaching European settlers.
Irreversible Change
The arrival of Europeans in 1492 irreversibly altered the way of life for Native Americans, preventing a return to their pre-contact lifestyle.
