Sees 3000 Midterm 1

1 time zone \=

15 degrees longitiude

3 segments of GPS receiving and emitting of signals

space- receives and emits
control- receives and emits
user- only receives

A chart showing the amount of money earned by each of the top 10 movies of the week is an example of what type of data?

ratio

A county planner is trying to add a scanned historical map in a GIS. Why doesn't it line up with the existing road network and parcel layers?

The scanned map did not have a spatial reference.

A dataset of polygons representing the 2016 U.S. congressional districts includes an attribute for the political party of the representative of each district. Which one of the following operations would remove the boundaries between districts represented by the same party?

dissolve

A dataset of roads and a dataset of parcel boundaries of the same area do not line up. What is the most likely reason for this offset?

the data sets are based on two different datums

A datum represents \__________.

a reference surface used in computing coordinates

A detailed map of a state park is downloaded as a PDF but won't line up with the existing spatially referenced data. Why not?

It has not been georeferenced yet.

A GIS analyst has been asked to create a map of Alabama's population density by county in 2017. Of the following choices, where would the analyst most likely find the population values and county boundaries needed to create the map?

The National Map

A GIS technician using ArcGIS Pro at a regional E911 communications center needs to determine how many hospitals and fire stations are in each county in Texas. Of the following processes, which one will return the results most quickly?
Select By Location
Group Field
Summarize Within
Visual Inspection

Summarize Within

A high RMSE value generally indicates that the transformation of the unreferenced dataset to the spatially referenced data is \__________.

inaccurate

A KML or KMZ file contains user-created content for use in \__________

Google Earth

A map projection is a \__________.

translation of locations on the Earth's surface to their corresponding locations on a flat surface

A model of the Earth based on mean sea level is a(n) \__________.

geoid

A researcher has created a choropleth map of the percentage of the U.S. population that was over 80 years of age by state in 2017. Of the following choices, which one is the most appropriate legend title?
Legend
Number of Elderly People
Percent over 80 Years of Age
Elderly Population

Percent over 80 Years of Age

A set of commands and techniques used by programmers to obtain the location information of your phone or computer is \__________.

W3C Geolocation API

A single layer in a geodatabase refers to which of the following?

feature class

Acquiring real-time location information from a series of satellites in orbit best describes \__________.

Global positioning systems

Although two spatial datasets may be in different datums, many GIS packages will display both without having to reproject the data. This is known as \__________.

projecting on the fly

An area of spatial proximity around a point refers to which GIS operation?

buffer

An example of a homeland security application of geospatial technology is \__________.
tracking the source of a deadly disease
determining places vulnerable to flooding
monitoring the movement of military equipment
analyzing crime patterns in a region

determining places vulnerable to flooding

Before making measurements from a geospatial dataset, what must be checked?

the dataset's datum and projection

Calculating new locations and new pixel values for an image is \__________.

resampling

Computer-based mapping and analysis of location-based data best describes \__________.

Geographic Information Systems

Computer-based mapping and analysis of location-based data best describes \__________.

Geographic Information Systems

Control points are best described as \__________.

common locations used to align different datasets

convert decimal degrees to degrees

multiply the decimal portion by 60 (gives minutes), take the decimal of the calculation and multiply by 60 (gives seconds) and the degree and NS, EW

convert degrees to decimal degrees

divide minutes by 60 and divide seconds by 3600, add the degree value to the sum of the minute and second calculation, place the +/-

Environmental conditions for the planet Earth can be monitored by which of these?
global satellite program
global positioning systems
remote sensing
tabular databases

remote sensing

f a scanned 1933 aerial photograph of a rural area in western New York has been "rectified," it has been \__________.

edited to account for changes to the North American Datum

Geodesy is the science of \__________.

measuring the Earth's shape

Geographic Information systems (GIS)

computer based tools used to store, visualize, analyze, and interpret geographic data

GIS first started being used in the \__________.

1960s with Canada's CGIS

Global Positioning System (GPS)

global network of satellites and ground stations that provide real time location information on Earth

Google Earth is an example of a \__________

virtual globe

GPS is part of the larger constellation of satellites known as \__________.

GNSS

High-tech "treasure hunting" that is assisted by GPS is known as \__________.

geocaching

How are negative values avoided in the UTM system when locating features south of the Equator?

by measuring from a false northing

How is a person's unknown location determined using the locations of three known points?

by using the 2D trilateration process

How is each object stored in an attribute table?

as a record

How is spatial data represented in the raster data model?

as areas using equally spaced and equally sized grid cells

How many control points are required to fit an unreferenced image to an existing spatial dataset?

a minimum of three

How much can a position be off due to ephemeris errors?

about 2 meters

How should control points be distributed?

They should be spread out.

How was the satellite navigation system called Transit used in the 1960s?

to determine locations of seagoing vessels

identity

all features of one layer is retained and only what intersects on the second remains in the new layer

If Dr. Snow had access to GIS in 1854 London, which one of the following types of spatial analysis would have most helped him identify the source of the cholera outbreak?

buffer

If it is 11 p.m. Sunday night in London, England, what day and time is it in New York City, New York?

6 p.m. Sunday

In a GIS, what term is used to represent non-spatial data?

attributes

In addition to "georeferencing," what other terms are used to refer to this process?
geometric transformation
reprojection
image-to-map rectification
registration

geometric transformation
image-to-map rectification
registration

In addition to a single snapshot in time of an area, Google Earth Pro also provides the ability to \__________.

view past imagery

In ArcGIS, what component is used to manage the GIS data available to the user?

ArcCatalog

In QGIS, what needs to be done to save the results of a query for future analysis?

export the query results to a new layer

In the context of GIS, what is topology?

the spatial relationships among objects that are independent of their coordinates

In the vector data model, all items are represented as \__________.

points, lines, and polygons

In what format must user content be in order to work with it in Google Earth?

KML or KMZ

International date line

marks division between 24 hour period

interval data

used when there's a significant difference in numbers but no fixed zero point (temperatures)

Latitude and longitude are used as the measurement system for which of these?
SPCS
GCS
USNG
UTM

GCS

Mercator Projection

cylindrical map projection, aid in navigation

nominal data

values that represent some unique identifiers, difference between numbers isn't significant (SSN, phone numbers)

non-spatial data

data that describes location based data, road/city names, population

Numerous types of geospatial datasets can be downloaded using the resources at \__________.

The National Map

Of the following choices, what is necessary to receive a GPS satellite signal?
a Y code-enabled GPS receiver
a direct line of sight to satellites
a protected indoor location
a dual frequency GPS receiver

a direct line of sight to satellites

Of the following choices, what is the best description of why models are used in GIS?
to simplify or generalize real-world information
to provide large-scale land use mapping
to link geospatial and non-geospatial data
to capture or create geospatial information

to simplify or generalize real-world information

Of the following choices, which are characteristics of a file geodatabase? Select all that apply.
It is based on an object-oriented structure.
Feature classes are limited to 1 TB of storage.
Other data such as CAD data can be included.
It can contain an unlimited number of feature classes.

It is based on an object-oriented structure.
Other data such as CAD data can be included.
It can contain an unlimited number of feature classes.

Of the following choices, which one best describes geoprocessing?
querying a database to determine which records will most likely satisfy an SQL query
using a Boolean or relational operator in a simple or compound SQL query
applying an action to one or more datasets that results in the creation of a new dataset
identifying the common features across multiple datasets based on a suitability index

applying an action to one or more datasets that results in the creation of a new dataset

Of the following choices, which one best describes geoprocessing?
using a Boolean or relational operator in a simple or compound SQL query
querying a database to determine which records will most likely satisfy an SQL query
applying an action to one or more datasets that results in the creation of a new dataset
identifying the common features across multiple datasets based on a suitability index

applying an action to one or more datasets that results in the creation of a new dataset

Of the following choices, which one is an open source GIS application for collecting field data on mobile devices?
Collector
QField
Survey 123
iGIS

QField

Of the following choices, which one is an open source GIS application for collecting field data on mobile devices?
Survey 123
QField
Collector
iGIS

QField

Of the following choices, which one would identify the county named Fairfax using an SQL statement?
COUNTY_NAME IS 'Fairfax'
COUNTY_NAME

COUNTY_NAME \= 'Fairfax'

Of the following choices, which would be best represented by a vector data model?
land cover
temperature
elevation
power lines

power lines

Of the following geoprocessing operations, which one will select all areas from two datasets except those areas they have in common?
identity
intersect
union
symmetrical difference

symmetrical difference

Of the following queries, which one will select the counties with a population of more than 100,000 people and the counties that have more than 100,000 houses?
(POP AND HOUSES) \> 100000
POP \> 100000 OR HOUSES \> 100000
POP \> 100000 AND HOUSES \> 100000
POP \> 100000 XOR HOUSES \= < 100000

POP \> 100000 OR HOUSES \> 100000

Of the following queries, which one will select the counties with a population of more than 100,000 people and the counties that have more than 100,000 houses?
POP \> 100000 AND HOUSES \> 100000
POP \> 100000 XOR HOUSES \= < 100000
POP \> 100000 OR HOUSES \> 100000
(POP AND HOUSES) \> 100000

POP \> 100000 OR HOUSES \> 100000

Of the following queries, which one will select the counties with a population of more than 100,000 people and the counties that have more than 100,000 houses?
POP \> 100000 OR HOUSES \> 100000
(POP AND HOUSES) \> 100000
POP \> 100000 XOR HOUSES \= < 100000
POP \> 100000 AND HOUSES \> 100000

POP \> 100000 OR HOUSES \> 100000

Of the following queries, which one will select the polygons that are residential parcels with a seasonal status?

PARCELS \= "residential" AND STATUS \= "seasonal"

Of the following queries, which one will select the polygons that are residential parcels with a seasonal status?
PARCELS \= "residential" XOR STATUS < \> "seasonal"
PARCELS \= "residential" AND STATUS \= "seasonal"
PARCELS < \> "residential" AND STATUS < \> "seasonal"
PARCELS \= "residential" OR STATUS \= "seasonal"

PARCELS \= "residential" AND STATUS \= "seasonal"

Of the following queries, which ones will return an SQL syntax error? Select all that apply.
"Pop2010" \> 5000000 AND "Pop2010" < 6000000
"Pop2010" \= 5000000 OR "Pop2010" \= 3000000
"Pop2010" \= 5,000,000 OR 3,000,000
"Pop2010" \> 5000000 OR < 6000000

"Pop2010" \= 5,000,000 OR 3,000,000

Of the following, what methods can be used to improve the accuracy of GPS positional measurements? Select all that apply.
DGPS
GPX
FAA
CORS

DGPS
CORS

Of the following, which one generally indicates the best transformation of the data?
the lowest possible RMSE value
an RMSE value of 1
the highest possible RMSE value
a negative RMSE value

the lowest possible RMSE value

Of the following, which ones are considered reference maps? Select all that apply.
a map of counties symbolized by per capita income
a location map of casinos in Pennsylvania
a state highway map
a trail map of a local municipal park

a location map of casinos in Pennsylvania
a state highway map
a trail map of a local municipal park

Of the following, which would be the least desirable location for a control point?
a cleared area in a construction zone
a road intersection
the location where a driveway meets a street
where two streams intersect

a cleared area in a construction zone

On what platforms does GIS operate?
the Web
mobile device
laptop computer
desktop computer

all of the above

One minute of latitude is equivalent to \__________.
60 meters
60 seconds of latitude
60 degrees of latitude
1 degree of longitude

60 seconds of latitude

ordinal data

refers only to a ranking

Polygons representing land parcels by owner on a county parcel map is an example of what type of data?

nominal

positive and negative values in decimal degrees

N and E are positive
S and W are negative

ratio data

values along fixed and non-arbitrary zero points (age, weight)

records and features in ArcGIS

records\= rows
features\= columns

Remote sensing

acquisition of data and imagery from satellites, aircrafts, or ground stations

Selecting objects from one layer based on their spatial relationship with another layer describes a \__________.

spatial query

Some online subscription services like Amazon Prime limit what movies can be streamed and downloaded when the user is outside the United States. What information is used to determine where the user's computer is located?

IP address

spatial data

location based data, related to location, geography, and topology (relationship of neighbors)

Streams on a map are symbolized by the number of available fishing days. What type of data is this?

ratio

The "information" being handled by GIS is \__________ information.
digital
visual
geospatial
tabular

geospatial

The activities of untrained volunteers to create content and resources that can be used by others are called \__________.

crowdsourcing

The concept of individuals contributing spatial data and knowledge to a database best describes \__________.

VGI (volunteered geographic information)

The David Rumsey Historical Map Collection is available as a layer in \__________.

Google Earth Pro

The European Union's version of GPS is \__________.

Galileo