Naming Organic Compounds

Flashcards detailing information regrding the root part of naming organic compounds. Such as the matching general formula, functional group and suffix for the 12 main homologous series

Alkanes (general formula)

C_nH_2n+2

Alkanes (functional group)

C-C, carbon-carbon single bond

Alkanes (suffix)

-ane

Alkenes (general formula)

C_nH_2n

Alkenes (functional group)

C=C, carbon-carbon double bond

Alkenes (suffix)

-ene

Alkynes (general formula)

C_nH_2n-2

Alkynes (functional group)

C≡C, carbon-carbon triple bond

Alkynes (suffix)

-yne

Alcohols (general formula)

C_nH_2n+1OH

Alcohols (functional group)

OH, hydroxyl group

Alcohols (suffix)

-anol

Alkanoic acids (general formula)

C_nH_2n+1COOH

Alkanoic acids (functional group)

COOH, carboxyl group

Alkanoic acids (suffix)

-anoic acid

Acid/acyl chlorides (general formal)

C_nH_2n+1Cl

Acid/acyl chlorides (functional group)

COCl

Acid/acyl chlorides (suffix)

-anoyl chloride

Alkyl halide (general formula)

C_nH_2n+1X

Alkyl halide (functional group)

C-X, carbon-halogen bond

Alkyl halide (suffix)

-ylhalide

Amines (general formula)

C_nH_2n+1NH₂

Amines (functional group)

NH₂, amino group

Amines (suffix)

-ylamine

Amides (general formula)

C_nH_2n+1CONH₂

Amides (functional group)

CONH₂, amido group

Amides (suffix)

-anamide

Aldehydes (general formula)

C_nH_2nO

or

R.CHO

Aldehydes (functional group)

CHO, end carbonyl group

Aldehydes (suffix)

-anal

Ketones (general formula)

R.CO.R’

Ketones (functional group)

-CO-, carbonyl group

Ketones (suffix)

-anone

Esters (general formula)

C_nH_2n+1COOC_xH_2x+1

Esters (functional group)

-COO-, ester group

Esters (suffix)

-(prefix + yl) + (prefix + anoate)