World History Chapter 4 Sections 1 and 2 Vocab

Christopher Columbus

a Genoese sea captain who made a daring voyage from Spain in 1492

Colony

land controlled by another nation

Hernando Cortes

In 1519, as Magellan embarked on his historic voyage a Spaniard landed on the shores of Mexico

Conquistador

the Spanish soldiers, explorers, and fortune hunters who took part in the conquest of the Americas in the 16th century

Francisco Pizarro

1532, marched a small force into South America

Atahualpa

last Incan ruler

Mestizo

a person of mixed Spanish and Native American ancestry

Encomienda

a grant of land made by Spain to a settler in the Americas, including the right to use Native Americans as laborers on it

New France

base of France’s colonial empire in North America

Jamestown

Pilgrims

a group of people who, in 1620, founded the colony of Plymouth in Massachusetts to escape religious persecution in England

Puritans

a group of people who sought freedom from religious persecution in England by founding a colony at Massachusetts Bay in the early 1600s

New Netherland

Dutch holdings in North America

French and Indian War

a conflict between Britain and France for control of territory in North America, lasting from 1754 to 1763

Metacom

It began in 1675 when the Native American ruler led an attack on colonial villages throughout Massachusetts