fungi

what are 3 characteristics of fungi

sacrophytes

chemoheterotrophs

resistant to osmotic pressure

produce asexually and sexually

teleomorphic

only produce asexual spores

anamorphic

which fungi are unicellular

yeasts

which fungi are multicellular

mushrooms and molds

what are the cross walls called

septate

what is the structure where everything is together

coenocytic

purpose of aerial hyphae

reproduction

purpose of vegetative hyphae

nutrients

what does it mean when yeasts are dimorphic

grow at different temperatures

what are fungi cell walls made of

glucans

mannans

glycoproteins

what could be a potential target with an antifungal

ergosterols

steps to asexual reproduction

1 mitosis while budding

2 form new cell wall between daughter cells

not enclosed in a sac

conidiospores

fragmentation of hyphae

arthroconidia

blastoconidia at the buds

pseudohyphae

chlamydoconidia

thick cell walls in hyphae segments

sporangiospores

enclosed in a cell

self fertilizing fungi

homothallic

haploid donor cell nucleus penetrates cytoplasm of the recipient

plasmogamy

plus and minus nuclei fuse and form diploid zygote

karyogamy

diploid nucleus produces haploid nuclei (spores)

meiosis

infection that localized in the hair shafts

superficial

infection that affects hair, skin, and nails

cutaneous

infection beneath skin

subcutaneous

infection deep within the body

systemic

infection harmless in normal hab but pathogenic in compromised host

opportunistic

why did fungi lose flagella

spore dispersal

no mitochondria, centrioles, peroxisomes

microsporidia

microsporidia that cause diarrhea and pneumonia

enterocytozoan bienusi

shit

fart

fungi that causes mold on bread

mucromycota

how do mucromyscota produce sexually

zygospores

infection from black fungus is called

mucromycosis

parasite of grass and rye

ergot

infection that causes fungal balls in respiratory tract

aspergillosis

fungus that are opportunistic, cause thrush and yeast infections, and toxic candidalysin

c albicans

how do candidalysin infect

permeabilize cell membrane of host

fungus that causes cryptococcosis from birds and mammals that lead to pneumonia and meningitis

basidiomycota

inhibits synthesis of ergosterol

azoles

leak of ions and lysis

polyenes

inhibition of dna and protein synthesis

fluoropyrimidines

cell wall disruption

echinocandins

inhibition of enzyme squalene epoxidase

allylamines

some therapies against fungi

hepB vaccine

citric acids

penicillin

food effects from fungi

fermentation

food spoilage

plant disease/relationship