Environmental Studies Exam 3

Extractive Industries

extraction of raw materials from the earth (biomass, fossil fuels, metals, non-metallic minerals)

Challenges of Extraction

• forcible displacement

• target disaster zones

• expand into conservation areas

• contribute to health risks

Extractivism

the material conversion of nature into resources

connected to notions of progress, developmetn and modernity

Commodity Chains

the process used by firms to gather resources, transform them into goods, and distribute them

GCC

an internationally integrated process of links between coporations and workers

Commodity chain

network of labor and production processes which results in a finished commodity

Bauxite

a rock that is important to aluminum

Bauxite Mining in Jamaica

strip mined, requries topsoil removal

Greenland’s Big Moment

Greenland’s unprecendeted international spotlight from politicians, like trump

Geopolitical spotlight

strategic interest in greenland and its resources

mineral and hydrocarbon deposits

available in greenland due to the ice melting

Rare Earth Elements

17 chemically similar metallic elemnts used for tech

Greenland’s Economic Independence

greenland’s goal of self-sufficiency and loss of reliance on denmark

Danish Subsidies

financial support provided by denmark to greenland to fund national budget

Uranium

radio chemical elemn that used for fuel for nuclear power reactors

Significat Nuclear Disasters

Chernobyl (1986), Fukushima (2011)

Slow Violence and the Environmentalism of the Poor

book that shows the violence cause by climate change ad the environmental aftermath of a war gradually affecting everyone’s lives

Energy Extraction Link

increasing demand for critical minerals perpetuates commodity dependence, geopolitical tensions, and environmental and social challenges

Lithium

critical component or electric car batteries, mind in the chilean salt flats

Navajo Tribe

new mexican county that has been destroyed by the mining industry because of the poisoning of the water and air

Central Ethical Question of Zoos Article

whether the pleasure humans derive from seeing wild animals is worth the price of their captivity

How do conservation efforts compare to operations spending?

conservation efforts are much less funded than construction efforts

How much research is focused on conservation?

only 7%

What is the success rate of reinroduction efforts

very high

Issues of elephants in zoos

elephants don’t have enough space to exist happily

Mammal traits

1. hair on body in their life

2. mammary glands

3. 4-chambered heart

4. warm blooded

5. large brain relative to body

6. live births

7. 4 types of teeth

Primate Traits

1. pentadactyl - five digist on hands and feet

2. large foward facing eyes that see in color

3. highly adaptable dental structures

4. can sit upright

5. gregarious social behaior due to large brain (need to socialize)

Philadelphia Zoo

• america’s first zoo

• founded in 1859

• opened to pulic in 1874

CITES

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna - banned the trade and transfer of wild caught endangered species for zoos

AZA

American Association of Zoos and Aquariums offshoot of CITES, accredits zoos and aquariums in the US