Introduction to Computer Systems and Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

These flashcards cover key concepts related to computer systems, digital signals, logic gates, and the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC), providing a foundational understanding for exam preparation.

Computer System

A combination of hardware and software components that work together to process information and execute tasks.

Digital Machine

A device that operates using digital data and binary logic.

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The part of a computer that processes instructions and performs calculations.

Binary Code

A code that represents data using two symbols, typically 0 and 1.

Bit

The smallest unit of data in computing, representing a binary value of 0 or 1.

Alphanumeric Codes

Codes that represent numbers, letters, and special characters.

ASCII

The American Standard Code for Information Interchange, a character encoding standard.

Digital Signatures

Discrete binary signals representing information, commonly used in electronic communication.

Analog Signals

Continuous signals that vary smoothly over time, representing physical phenomena.

Logic Gates

Elements in digital circuits that perform logical operations on binary inputs.

AND Gate

A logic gate that outputs a true or 1 only when all inputs are true.

OR Gate

A logic gate that outputs a true or 1 when at least one input is true.

NOT Gate

A logic gate that inverts the input value (if input is 1, output is 0 and vice versa).

Karnaugh Map

A graphical method for simplifying Boolean expressions.

Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

The process of planning, creating, testing, and deploying software systems.

Feasibility Study

An evaluation of the practicality and viability of a proposed project.

Requirement Engineering

The process of gathering, analyzing, and managing software requirements.

Testing

The phase in SDLC where the software is evaluated to ensure it meets specifications.

Maintenance Phase

The ongoing process of monitoring a system for performance and making necessary updates.

Documentation Phase

Creating detailed manuals and records for the developed software system.

Deployment Phase

The phase where the developed software is made accessible for use.