Spanish Vocabulary Flashcards

Flashcards about expressing identity, describing people, expressing age and possession, expressing states and sensation, identifying places, indicating objects and people, expressing existence, expressing location, regular verbs, expressing obligation, expressing movement, verbs with irregular roots, expressing likes, comparing objects and people, pointing out objects and people, verbs with irregular roots, expressing quantity, expressing desire, preference and rejection, direct object pronouns, irregular verbs in the first person, indirect object pronouns and verbs with irregular roots.

Subject Pronouns

Subject pronouns identify the person who is performing an action.

Yo

I

Nosotros/Nosotras

We

Tú

You (informal)

Vosotros/Vosotras

You (informal, plural)

Usted

You (formal)

Él

He

Ella

She

Ustedes

You (formal, plural)

Ellos

They (masculine or mixed)

Ellas

They (feminine)

Nosotros, vosotros, and ellos

Used to refer to groups of all males or to groups of males and females.

Nosotras, vosotras, and ellas

Used to refer to groups of females.

Tú

Used to speak to a relative, a friend, a classmate, a child—to those you are on an informal basis with.

Usted

Used to speak to an adult or to a person in authority—a teacher, a police officer, a senior citizen—someone you are more formal with.

Vosotros, vosotras, ustedes

In Spain, the plural of tú is and (informal), whereas the plural of usted is (formal).

Yo soy

I am

Nosotros/Nosotras somos

We are

Tú eres

You are (informal)

Vosotros/Vosotras sois

You are (informal, plural)

Usted/Él/Ella es

You are (formal) / He is / She is

Ustedes/Ellos/Ellas son

You are (formal, plural) / They are

Verbo Ser (to be)

Used to identify people, places, things, and ideas.

Omitted

Subject pronouns can be __ in Spanish.

No

Used to make a sentence negative, add __ in front of the verb.

Ser de

Use __ to tell where you are from.

Adjectives

Change to express gender and number. They describe appearance, size, personality, and other characteristics.

Spanish Adjectives

Change genders (masculine or feminine) to match the noun they describe.

El género de los adjetivos

Change genders (masculine or feminine) to match the noun they describe.

Adjectives

Can be singular or plural, depending on the number of people, animals, or things they refer to.

Yo tengo

I have

Nosotros/Nosotras tenemos

We have

Tú tienes

You have (informal)

Vosotros/Vosotras tenéis

You have (informal, plural)

Usted/Él/Ella tiene

You have (formal) / He has / She has

Ustedes/Ellos/Ellas tienen

You have (formal, plural) / They have

The verb Tener

Usually means to have.

Expresar Edad

To express age, use this expression: tener… años

Mi, Mis

My

Nuestro/a/os/as

Our

Tu, Tus

Your (informal)

Vuestro/a/os/as

Your (informal, plural)

Su, Sus

His, her, your (formal)

Su, Sus

Their, your (formal, plural)

Possessive Adjectives

Used to show ownership.

Possessive Adjectives

Become singular or plural depending on the noun they accompany.

Nuestro and Vuestro

Agree not only in number but also with the gender of the noun.

De

You can also express ownership with the preposition __ and a noun.

The verb Estar (to be)

To talk about emotions and conditions.

Yo estoy

I am

Nosotros/Nosotras estamos

We are

Tú estás

You are (informal)

Vosotros/Vosotras estáis

You are (informal, plural)

Usted/Él/Ella está

You are (formal) / He is / She is

Ustedes/Ellos/Ellas están

You are (formal, plural) / They are

Ser

Used to describe physical characteristics and personality traits.

Estar

Used to express feelings or temporary physical conditions.

Nouns

Words for people, animals, places, and things.

Masculine, feminine

In Spanish, all nouns are either or .

Masculine

Almost all nouns that end in -O are __.

Femenine

Almost all nouns that end in -A are __.

Singular Nouns

Refer to one person, animal, place, or thing.

Plural Nouns

Refer to more than one person, animal, place, or thing.

An article

Spanish nouns are usually used with __.

Spanish Definite Article

Article is equivalent to the.

Spanish Indefinite Article

Article is equivalent to a, an (singular), some (plural).

Articles

Agree in gender and number with the noun they accompany.

Hay

Used to express existence; equivalent to there is/are

No hay

The Spanish form equivalent to there isn’t or there aren’t is __

Hay

Used to ask about the existence of something.

Hay

To ask how many people, animals, or things there are, use the question words cuánto, cuánta, cuántos, or cuántas followed by a noun and __.

Dónde

To ask where something can be found, use the question word __ followed by hay:

Estar

To say where things are, use the verb __ followed by words that express place.

The preposition en

Expresses location; equivalent to at, in, on, and inside in English.

Infinitive

In English, an is the verb form that uses the word to: to wash, to cook. In Spanish, the always ends in -ar, -er, or -ir.

Regular verbs

Have a stem that is used with all subjects. They also have a set of endings that are added to the stem to identify the subject.

Infinitivo

To express an obligation that somebody has, use this formula: Tener que + __

Infinitivo

To express a general obligation without mentioning who must do it, use this formula: hay que + __

Adverbios de frecuencia

Adverbs and adverbial phrases that express how often something is done.

Cuándo

To ask when something is done, use the question word __.

Place

To say where someone is going, use ir (to go) and this formula: ir a + __

Irregular Verbs

Do not follow typical conjugation patterns.

Note

The meaning of the pronouns can be clarified with the prepositional phrases a mí, a ti, a usted, a él, a ella, a nosotros, a nosotras, a vosotros, a vosotras, a ustedes, a ellos, a ellas.

Iguales, diferentes

Two or more things can be the same () or different ().

Comparar cualidades

To express inequality regarding one characteristic, use más… que (more … than) or menos… que (less … than). To express equality, use tan… como (as … as).

Bueno

Good

Malo

Bad

Mejor, Mejores

Better

Peor, Peores

Worse

Demonstratives

To indicate where something or someone is located in relation to the person speaking, use __.

Demonstratives

Indicate the relative distance from the speaker.

Esto, eso, and aquello

Also demonstratives; use them to refer to unidentified objects.