319 Unit 4 - Drugs for Nervous System Disorders and Muscle Spasms

Neostigmine is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor used to treat exacerbations of myasthenia gravis, what medication must be given with it to counteract side effects including bradycardia?

a. pyridiostigmine

b. atropine

c. prednisone

d. none, it can be given alone

b. atropine

(myasthenic crisis/cholinergic crisis) is triggered by an overdose of anticholinergic medications to manage myasthenia gravis

cholinergic crisis

acetylcholinesterase drugs have a (long/short) half life therefore must be given on a strict schedule to prevent exacerbations

short

which drug is an antidote for cholinergic crisis?

a. pyridiostigmine

b. atropine

c. prednisone

d. neostigmine

b. atropine

Patients unresponsive to standard acetylcholinesterase inhibitors may receive which of the following instead?

a. prednisone

b. plasma exchange

c. immunosuppressants

d. all of the above

d. all of the above

what two side effects need to be monitored for in patients taking azathioprine (immunosuppressants)?

1. hepatotoxicity

2. leukopenia

_____________ are the first line of defense in treating multiple sclerosis flareups

a. immunomodulators

b. immunosuppressants

c. monoclonal antibodies

d. corticosteroids

a. immunomodulators

methotrexate has a (hepatic/renal) toxicity risk and must be monitored closely

hepatic

______________ are able to target problematic cells while leaving healthy cells alone, affecting the actions of the body's immune system

a. immunomodulators

b. immunosuppressants

c. monoclonal antibodies

d. corticosteroids

c. monoclonal antibodies

why is dimethyl fumarate beneficial in delaying progression of myasthenia gravis?

a. decreased immunocompromization

b. selective and neuroprotectant

c. very long duration

d. none, it is a last resort medication

b. selective and neuroprotectant

____________ are used for acute exacerbations of myasthenia gravis

a. immunomodulators

b. immunosuppressants

c. monoclonal antibodies

d. corticosteroids

d. corticosteroids

_____________ relieve muscle spasms and spasticity by suppressing the hyperactive reflexes when anti-inflammatories don't work and have a sedative effect

a. central acting relaxants

b. robaxin (methocarbamol)

c. depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

d. prednisone

a. central acting relaxants

robaxin (methocarbamol) has effects similar to what drug class

a. acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

b. anticholinergics

c. opioids

d. diuretics

b. anticholinergics

what three drug classes cannot be taken with robaxin (methocarbamol)?

1. barbiturates

2. alcohol/narcotics

3. CNS depressants

_________________ are typically used for surgery and ET relaxation because it stops signals at the synapse to relax everything

a. central acting relaxants

b. robaxin (methocarbamol)

c. depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

d. prednisone

c. depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

what are the three black box warnings with depolarizing neuromuscular blocker administration?

1. infants and children

2. potassium imbalance

3. rhabdomyolysis