DTM (demographic transition model) flashcards

what does DTM mean

demographic transition model (focus on birth/death rates)

what does ETM mean

epidemiological transition model

majority of human history happened in this stage (cave men)

stage 1

no countries are in this stage (hint: all grew up/advanced)

stage 1

very low growth in this stage, NIR (natural increase rate) very low (lots of death in general)

stage 1

crude birth rate is very high, crude death rate is very high —lots of death, low growth

stage 1

industrial revolution HAS to happen for a country to be in this stage

stage 2

advancements in tech, medicine

stage 2

cultural lag often happens in this stage, because of new medicine and technology

stage 2

high growth overall: high crude birth rate, crude death rate decline (advancements in medicine), high overall natural increase rate NIR

stage 2

crude birth rate declines, crude death rates continues to decline, natural increase rate is moderate (not high) —evening out=middle ground

stage 3

urbanization (more cities), mind changes/no cultural lag, no economic changes (hard to support larger families now)

stage 3

improved medicine & lower infant mortality rate (IMR) (decrease of natural increase rate)

stage 3

mostly LDC’s, semi periphery countries

stage 3

zero population growth, CBR, CDR, NIR all low

stage 4

urbanization (more people in cities) continues, women have more opportunities (less time for kids, now in workplace)

stage 4

even more less resources to benefit large family, very very low growth (basically zero)

stage 4

a TFR (total fertility rate) of 2.1 is replacement rate

stage 4

aging population, CBR remains low, CDR starts to increase

stage 5

only core countries in this stage

stage 5

has elderly support ratio: # of people— age 15-64 per one older person age 65 /older

stage 5