Com 102 chapter 7

True or false: College students students spend more than 55% of their time listening, and Adults spend about 45% of their time listening.

True

Listening

the learned process of receiving, interpreting, recalling, evaluating, and responding to verbal and nonverbal messages.

Listening Characteristics

Listening is a process and as such doesn't have a defined start and finish. Listening has cognitive, behavioral, and relational elements and doesn't unfold in a linear, step-by-step fashion.

Listening is the…

Primary means through which we learn new info

Listening process steps

Step One: Hearing and Receiving the Message
Step Two: Organization and Interpretation of the Message
Step Three: Understanding the Message
Step Four: Evaluating the Message
Step Five: Responding to the Message
Step Six: Recalling the Message

Step One: Hearing and Receiving the Message

Hearing is taking in stimuli (that is Salience) through our senses during this physiological or physical step. The types of noise is Environmental noise, Psychological noise, and Physiological noise

Environmental noise

such as other people talking, the sounds of traffic, and music interfere with hearing.

Psychological noise

like stress and anger

Physiological noise

(like a headache, sleep deprivation, an upset stomach, etc.) interfere primarily with the cognitive processes of listening.

Step Two: Organization and Interpretation of the Message

We combine the visual and auditory information we receive and try to make meaning out of that information using schemata. We engage in cognitive and relational processing as we take in environmental, informational, contextual, and relational cues and try to connect them in meaningful ways to previous experiences.

Step Three: Understanding the Message

We attach meaning by connecting information to previous experiences. Through the process of comparing new information with old information, we may also update or revise particular schemata if we find the new information relevant and credible.

Step Four: Evaluating the Message

We make judgments about its credibility, completeness, and worth.