14th Edition EMT Final

What's the maximum speed of backing?

2MPH

Training that supplements the EMT's training and that is usually taken in regular intervals?

Continuing Education

A written authorization from an EMS provider to perform a particular skill in a specific situation in a(n)?

Standing Order

Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding tuberculosis (TB)?

A tuberculin skin test can detect TB exposure.

When the potential exists for exposure to exhaled air of a person with suspected/confirmed TB an ___ mask should be worn.

N95

Which hormone helps the body control stress, regulate metabolism, and influence an immune response?

cortisol

Proper body mechanics and 3 considerations to review before any lift.

the object, your limitations and communication

Which of the following is not required to prove a claim of negligence against an EMT?

the patient was in fear of bodily harm at the time of the accident

The term lateral is best defined as ___

to the side

What is another term for the frontal aspect of the body?

anterior

The pressure that is created when the heart pushes the blood throughout the circulatory system.

hydrostatic pressure

The cellular structure that is responsible for synthesizing protein is ___

endoplasmic reticulum

The basic nutrient of the cell and building block for energy is.

glucose

The seat of respiratory control is found in the.

medulla oblongata

You are caring for a 25-year-old male patient that has been shot once in the head. The patient is in extremis, near the point of death, with a noticeable breathing pattern that alternates between no breathing and fast breathing. Your understanding of pathophysiology leads you to believe the breathing pattern may be due to damage to the section of his brain responsible for respiratory control, also known as the ___.

medulla oblongata

Middle adulthood is the stage of life from ___ to ___ years.

41-60

A grasping reflex in which an infant grabs onto a finger placed in the infant's palm.

palmar reflex

The trachea branches off at the ___ and forms two main stem bronchi.

the carina

Jaw thrust maneuver is the only ___ airway procedure for an unconscious patient with possible head, neck, spine injury or unknown MOI.

recommended

The process of air moving in and out of the chest is called.

ventilation

The movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and circulating blood is called.

pulmonary (external) respiration

A 21-year-old patient presents with labored breathing and audible wheezing, heart rate of 124, altered mental status. What is the treatment for the patient?

ventilate with BVM with high oxygen or FROPVD

Which of the following is the purpose of the primary assessment?

to detect and treat immediately life-threatening problems

Which of the following techniques is used when formulating a general impression?

all of these

16-year-old female sitting upright in a chair with her back straight, leaning forward, her arms supporting her you should suspect?

respiratory distress

Breathing sounds that should concern the EMT are?

snoring, gargling, wheezing, and crowing

You are assessing a 48 year old male who is unconscious. The scene is safe, and you hear the patient gurgling. What is your next action?

suction the airway

Which of the following best describes a mobile radio?

a 2-way radio that is mounted in a vehicle

Which of the following best describes a repeater?

device that receives and amplifies a signal that must be carried over distance

Portion of the PCR in which the EMT writes presentation, assessment findings, treatment, and transport information is called.

narrative

Albuterol and epinephrine both have bronchodilation properties that improve the amount of oxygen that a person can inhale and absorb. However, albuterol is administered only for asthma, whereas epinephrine is administered for both asthma and anaphylaxis. Why is epinephrine, and not albuterol, the first choice for anaphylaxis?

albuterol is not a vasoconstrictor

A serious negative interaction for giving Nitrostat is a drug interaction with what medications?

Viagra, Levitra, or medication for erectile dysfunction

While caring for a 3-year-old child you should be concerned if his respiratory rate exceeds __ breaths per minute.

30

Which of the following sounds may be heard in a lower respiratory obstruction?

wheezing

Which of the following is the name of the condition in which fatty deposits form in the inner lining of the arteries?

coronary artery disease

Your patient is suffering from angina pectoris. What signs or symptoms would you expect to see with this condition?

chest pain that is relieved with nitro glycerin

Which of the following is the result of a portion of the heart muscle dying due to lack of oxygen?

myocardial infarction

Death of brain tissue due to deprivation of O2 because of a blocked or ruptured artery in the brain is known as?

stroke

During your primary assessment you find your patient has altered mental status. This should indicate which of the following?

failing respiratory system

Which of the following is an action of insulin?

increases the movement of sugar from the bloodstream to the cell

A seizure that occurs spontaneously from an unknown cause is called.

idiopathic

Your patient is a 21-year-old female with a history of epilepsy. She is having a convulsion upon your arrival. Which of the following should you do?

move furniture and other objects away from the patient to prevent injury

41-year-old female in severe anaphylaxis. Respirations 42, she is cyanotic, decreased level of response. Highest priority of care for the patient is?

assist ventilations with a bag valve mask

You are unsure if a patient's condition requires admin of epi auto injector. Which of the following actions is appropriate?

none of these

Most cases of accidental poisoning involve which of the following?

young children

Carbon monoxide poisoning occurs by which of the following routes?

inhalation

You are called to a farm for a possible organophosphate poisoning of one of the workers. Your first action is to?

call for a specialized hazardous material unit

Which of the following substances may be ordered by medical control to dilute a poison?

milk or water

Which of the following traumatic conditions may account for signs and symptoms of a behavioral emergency?

internal hemorrhage

When managing a patient who may hurt you or others, you should do all of the following except?

make sure only you and the patient are in the room

How do you define anemia?

Lack of normal number of red blood cells in the circulation.

Which of the following pathologies make patients at higher risk of acute renal failure?

Shock

Bleeding from soft tissue injuries should initially be controlled with one of the following techniques.

Direct pressure

Which of the following is an accurate definition of flail chest?

section of the chest wall that is unstable, leading to breathing problems.

Chest cavity holds up to ___ liter(s) of blood in an adult?

3

Because of abnormally shaped hemoglobin sickle cell anemia (SCA) patients may occasionally experience ___, causing a blockage of small blood vessels?

Sludging

Which of the following is of concern with a puncture wound?

All of these

When blood accumulates between the brain and the dura mater, what is the result?

Subdural hematoma

You are called to the scene of a patient who fell approximately 5 feet off a step ladder to the flood of a third story attic of a very old building. He is complaining of severe neck and back pain, and he has an obvious fractured ankle. You cannot get your stretcher past the first-floor stairs and your long spine board is not practical with the winding spiral staircase and the attic access. What is the best device to safely get the patient out of the attic where he can be properly immobilized?

Vest-type extrication device

Which one of the following would justify the need to directly transport centers based on special patient consideration?

Pregnant female 3rd trimester who is spotting following low MOI MVC

Which of the following trauma triage criteria would justify transportation to a trauma center based on MOI alone?

Auto versus pedestrian

Allowing a patient's body temperature to increase by preventing further heat loss is referred to as?

Passive warming

Supine hypotension syndrome is easily prevented by transporting the pregnant female into which of the following positions?

Lying on her side

Because infants and small children rely more heavily on the diaphragm for breathing, respiratory distress can be detected by observing which of the following signs is not prominent in adults?

Movement of the abdomen with respiratory effort

You are dispatched to a 1-year-old with respiratory distress. En route, you review how to assess and treat infants with respiratory problems. Which of the following would indicate an infant with respiratory distress?

Wheezing upon inspiration

Elderly Pt experiencing MI is more likely to complain of which of the following symptoms than a younger Pt would?

Shortness of breath without chest pain

Which of the following may provide the EMT with an indication of physical negligence of an elderly patient?

Poor Hygiene

Which of the following situations are frequently problematic for patients who have tracheostomy tubes?

Mucus buildup

Which of the following is the main advantage of peritoneal dialysis over hemodialysis?

Peritoneal dialysis is likely to be done at the Pt's home

A study of emergency collisions demonstrated that the majority of collisions occurred?

At intersection

You are at the scene of a MVC and have found there is 1 Pt in stable condition. At this point, the call can be categorized.

No longer a true emergency

An area near a hazardous materials incident that is up wind from the incident and on higher ground is a good location for?

Safe zone

Which of the following is a principle of effective incident command?

Command is most effective when 1 person is responsible for more than 6

When controlling the scene of an emergency involving damaged power poles and downed electrical wires, EMT's must remember?

request appropriate personnel to cut the power source.

Which of the following conditions are safety vests with reflective trim effective in increasing the visibility of the EMT?

All of these

If the steering wheel must be displaced during extraction and the airbag has not deployed, actions recommended?

Disconnect the battery cable

A terrorist incident may have features in common with which of the following type of incident?

All of these

Primary injuries from a blast include?

Lung Injuries

Secondary injuries from a blast include?

Impaled objects

Tertiary injuries from a blast include?

Extremities fracture

In the average adult the sudden loss of _______ cc of blood is considered serious?

1000

Two EMT's respond to the scene of a syncope episode. A fifty-year-old patient passed out and cut his lip. The EMT's talk to the patient about an expensive ambulance ride and suggest he will save money by driving himself to urgent care instead. The patient agrees and signs a refusal form. The patient dies from cardiac arrest at home the following day. Which of the following statements is true?

The EMT's may be negligent if there is evidence of proximate cause.

You're providing care to a fifty-four-year-old male patient complaining of chest pain. The patient requests to speak to you privately. He tells you he is taking Cialis for erectile dysfunction and his wife doesn't know he is taking it. He does not want his wife to find out. As you are putting the EMS bag back into the ambulance, the wife corners you and insists that you tell her what her husband said. What should you do?

You should not tell her. By law, your conversation is confidential

You are ventilating a cardiac arrest patient when he begins to vomit copious amounts of large pieces of undigested food. Which of the following would be the most effective of clearing the airway?

Is using a large bore suction tubing without a tip or catheter attached.

To determine blood pressure, the EMT should position the cuff over the upper arm and place the stethoscope over the brachial artery. Next, she should inflate the cuff, then slowly deflate the cuff while listening for clicks or tapping sounds while remembering the number of the first sound. What is the next step in taking the blood pressure?

Continue releasing pressure until the clicking or tapping stops, and record both numbers. These are the blood pressure.

Your patient is a twenty-four-year-old woman with asthma who is struggling to breath and is agitated. She has cyanosis of her lips and nail bed and is cool and clammy to the touch. When you attempt to assist her with ventilations with a bag valve mask device, she becomes combative and repeatedly pushes the mask away from her face. Which are the following best options?

Began transport immediately and contact medical control for advice.

You are first on scene of a seventy-two-year-old patient in cardiac arrest. You have your medical supply kit, oxygen, and AED. At least four to five minutes of high-quality CPR has been provided by the police officer who arrived on scene before you. You have confirmed an open airway, apnea, and pulselessness. Which of the following should you do next?

Apply the defibrillator pads and shock is indicated.

A thirty-five-year-old female has been eating lobster and now is complaining of itchy, watery eyes. Her blood pressure is beginning to fall but she denies difficulty breathing. Which of the following best describes her condition?

anaphylaxis

You are called to the scene of a twenty-one-year-old female who is unresponsive. Her boyfriend suspects that she attempted suicide by overdosing on her depression medications. The patient is unresponsive to pain stimuli, with agonal respiration, and has vomited. She has a weak carotid pulse. After securing the airway, and providing oxygen by bag valve mask, what is the most important question the EMT can ask regarding the medication?

What medication did she take.

Your patient is exhibiting bizarre and aggressive behavior, he starts shouting and becomes violent. He has extra strength and appears insensitive to pain. Drug paraphernalia is visible on scene. The behavior is known as_______.

Excited Delirium

Platelets are fragments of larger cells that are crucial to the formation of clots. Clumping called aggregation of platelets are the body's most rapid response to stop bleeding from an injury site. However, in some situations the clumping of platelets is not desirable, such as when a plaque in the coronary artery ruptures. In this situation, the rapid clumping of platelets can cause a clot that can completely block the coronary artery and result in a heart attack. One of the most effective widely available drugs aggregation is what?

Aspirin

You're attending an end stage renal disease patient that has missed dialysis. Which of the following statements is the most accurate?

Patients who have missed dialysis and who become unresponsive and pulseless do not respond very well to the use of an AED.

A thirty-seven-year-old male was hit by a trolley and his foot was almost severed. It is only connected by some skin and crushed bone. What should you do?

apply a pressure dressing to control bleeding, stabilize the foot by splinting, apply oxygen, and transport as a priority patient.

Although it can be difficult to definitively determine hip dislocation in the field, curtain signs and symptoms are usually there. Which of the following statements is false?

An anterior hip dislocation would probably present with the interior lower limb rotated inward and the hip would usually be flexed.

Your patient is a sixty-year-old woman who stepped off a curb and injured her ankle. Your exam shows that her left ankle is swollen and painful. Which is the following you should do?

Explain to the patient that you cannot tell if her ankle is sprained or fractured until she is X-rayed at the emergency department and splints the ankle.

Your patient is a twenty-one-year-old man who slid headfirst down a slide at a fraternity house and impacted the bales of straw that his fraternity brothers had erected as a barrio to keep participants from sliding on to the adjacent highway. The patient is conscious and is complaining of neck pain. Which of the following should be included in your assessment?

Ask the patient to grasp and squeeze your hands.

You have assisted in delivering a full-term infant by suctioning the mouth and nose as the head was delivered and again after following complete delivery. The infant is not yet breathing. Which is the following is the correct sequence of intervention?

Rub the infant's back, tap the bottom of his foot, begin bag valve mask ventilations, and check for pulse.

You respond to a professional volleyball tournament for a potential heat stroke. Upon arrival you find a twenty-eight-year-old patient seated inside an air conditioning first-aid trailer. He is alert and in obvious distress. He is complaining of severe cramping of his arm and legs. His vital signs are stable. What is the most likely cause of the cramping?

sweating too much.

Eduardo is an EMT with a major metropolitan fire department. He is assigned to a station within an industrial complex. On the scene of a hazardous materials incident, Eduardo functions as a team where he plugs a leaking drum. Eduardo's level of hazardous material training is at the ___ level?

Hazardous Materials Technician