Studied by 81 people
pathogens
cause disease
vectors
carriers of pathogens (ex: animals like mosquitos)
few pathogens can enter through the skin if
the skin barrier is intact
capsule
used to disguise cell from immune system
pilli
help cell stick to surfaces
sterile
free from bacteria
genome
where genes of a virus are located
capsid
protein cover that protects genome
skin epithelium
a physical barrier that has several layers of protection
defensins
chemicals that keep pathogens in check
mucus
epithelium of the nose,gut and respriatory tract
intestinal epithelium
line the intestines, one layer and prevents microbes from entering
envelope
lipid-protein coat that covers capsid
commensal bacteria
friendly bacteria
complement
chemicals produced by the liver that kill pathogens
B cells
produce antibodies
T cells
attack infected host cells, recognize camouflaged pathogens
phagocyte
eat microbes and use receptors on cell surface to identify them
strain
genetic variants of the same organism or species
mucosal membrane
membranes that line body cavities that are exposed to the external environment
route of transmission
path that microbe takes to travel from host to host
disease
overall impairment of health
infective dose
amount of pathogens needed to infect host
infectiousness
a pathogen's ability to survive, enter, and reproduce in the host
spanish flu
huge pandemic in 1918
pandemic
world wide disease
infectious disease
disease caused by microbial agents
flagella
how the cell moves, can change proteins so it's not detected by immune system
spore
helps microbe stay alive if it has unbeneficial conditions
gram positive cell wall
protects cell by using layers of muiren, also protects bacteria from different climates
stomach acid
1.5-3.5 acidity, limits pathogens ability to infect host
tears
contain enzymes that break down bacteria and keep cornea hydrated
3 layers of the skin
epidermis,dermis,hypodermis
vitamin D
only vitamin your body can produce on its own, skin synthesizes it
corpuscles
sensory receptors on the skin
eccrine sweat glands
more abundant glands, found in palms, forehead and soles of your feet
apocrine sweat glands
less abundant glands, work around puberty, found in your armpits and groin
sebaceous glands
oil glands found everywhere but in thick skin
adipose tissue
layer of fat mostly present in the hypodermis insulating and cushioning the skin
jaundice
a yellowing of the skin signaling liver problems
Antonine Plague
165 AD, smallpox or measles, epidemic took place in Rome
Bubonic Plague
14th century epidemic that killed 30-60% of European population
antibodies
proteins that recognize different pathogens and mark them for destruction
Note 
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