Lesson 1: Anthropology, Sociology, and Political Science

Anthropology

this broad field is the study of humanity, including our evolutionary origins and the diversity if human social and cultural existence across time and space. This answers the question: What it means to be human.

When did anthropology start?

it started during the european colonization(the conducted research on primitive societies)

Who is the father of anthropology

Franz Boas

What is the study of anthropology?

it is a study of culture. It uses ethnography in which anthropologists are required are required for to live with their subject for a long period of time.

What are the 4 major disciplines of anthropology?

Biological, Cultural, Linguistics, Archeology

Biological or Physical Anthropology

This branch specifically investigates the biological and evolutionary aspects of humans, their living and fossil relatives, and how they have adapted to their environment.

Cultural/Social Anthropology

studies the beliefs, customs, practices and social behavior of different cultures.

Linguistic Anthropology

studies how language influences culture and society and how it changes over time.

Archaeology

the study of past human life and cultures by examining objects, artifacts, and remains that people left behind

What are the goals of anthropology?

to produce new knowledge, to recognize similarities among cultures, to observe other cultures without judgement, to increase understanding

What is sociology?

It was developed during the industrial revolution. It answers the question “why do we study society?”. Studies the ways in which groups of humans interact with each other and how their behavior is influenced by social cultures

Who is the Father of sociology?

Auguste Comte (he reinvented the term “sociology” )

Industrial Revolution

is the period when people began using machines in factories to produce goods faster and in larger amounts, replacing hand-made production. It started in the late 1700s and led to major changes in work, transportation, and daily life.

What are the goals of sociology?

to analyze our role in society, to realize that everything is interconnected

What is political science?

is the study of government, politics, and how decisions are made in a society

Politikos - Polis

which mean city or estate(Originated from the greeks: who gets what, where, when, how)

Politikos

political theory, ideologies, human rights, international relations

Government Power

who gets what, when, where, how

Goals of political science?

social order, avoid conflict, protect rights, and promote cooperation