Biol 419 Lecture 8 Fall 2025

These flashcards cover key concepts and terms from the lecture on Actinopterygii, focusing on classifications, characteristics, and specific orders of ray-finned fishes.

Actinopterygii

Class of all ray-finned fishes, characterized by scales which can be ganoid, cycloid, or ctenoid.

Subclass Chondrostei

Subclass of Actinopterygii that includes 11 orders, 9 of which are extinct; characterized by unique features such as a singular triangular dorsal fin.

Polypteriformes

Order within Chondrostei that includes bichirs and ropefishes, with rhombic ganoid scales and a spiracle.

Acipenseriformes

Order that includes sturgeons and paddlefishes, recognized for their heterocercal caudal fin and cartilaginous skeleton.

Neopterygii

Subclass defined by fin rays that are equal in number to their supports in dorsal and anal fins.

Lepisosteiformes

Order that includes gars, characterized by elongated jaws, needle-like teeth, and heavy ganoid scales.

Amiiformes

Order of bowfins, known for their long dorsal fins and median gular plate.

Infraclass Teleostei

Infraclass characterized by a mobile premaxilla and elongated posterior neural arches.

Cohort Elopomorpha

Cohort that includes true eels, bonefishes, tarpons, and ladyfish, noted for leptocephalus larvae.

Subcohort Clupei

Includes Clupeiformes, which are primarily herring-like fishes; contains anchovies and herrings.

Ostariophysi

Subcohort comprising minnow-like fishes characterized by Weberian ossicles which enhance hearing.

Cypriniformes

Largest order of Ostariophysi, includes carps, minnows, and loaches, typically lacking teeth on jaws.

Characiformes

Order of tropical freshwater fishes with significant diversity in South America, known for well-developed teeth.

Siluriformes

Order known as catfishes, typically with no true scales, featuring barbels for gustation and an adipose fin.