anatomy exam 2

inspiration

• when air flows into the lungs, increasing thoracic volume, decreasing pressure in the lungs.

• happens when diaphram and intercostal muscles contract

• the lungs pressure falls below atmostpheric pressure

expiration

when air flows out of the lungs, diaphram relaxes, lungs recoil

• lung pressure goes above atmospheric pressure

• lung pressure increases

• at rest- passive

pulmonary ventilation

when air flows in and out of lungs.

• driven by pressure changes between lungs and atmosphere

• includes inspiration and expiration

boyles law

pressure and volume are inversly related

quiet inspiration involved what muscles

PRIMARY- diaphram

ACCESSORY- external intercostals

deep/forced inspiration involved what muscles

sternocleidomastoid

pectoralis major

serratus anterior

upper trapezius

scalenes

muscles in forced expiration

internal intercostals (interosseous part)

abdominal muscles

• rectus abdominis

• external oblique

• internal oblique

• transverse abdominis