PRE-TEST: PROFESSIONAL ADJUSTMENT

RN 2025 TOPNOTCHER TO GOD BE THE GLORY

1.     You are a nurse in a clinic. Which of the following information are you allowed to legally and ethically disclose confidential information about a client?

A. The diagnosis of brief psychotic disorder of a patient to the concerned government unit.

B. HIV-status of XY, a 25/M to his family members.

C. The obstetric history of a 56/F to her children

D. The diagnosis of liver cirrhosis to the client’s mother.

A. The diagnosis of brief psychotic disorder of a patient to the concerned government unit

Rationale:
A. ✅ Disclosure is allowed if it is to a legally authorized body (e.g., for public health or safety).
B. ❌ HIV status is strictly confidential, even to family.
C. ❌ Obstetric history can’t be shared without the client’s consent.
D. ❌ The diagnosis should not be disclosed to the mother without client permission

2.     While doing her rounds, a nurse overheard that her co-nurse told her patient that “the nurse does not really know anything, she’s quite new in the unit.” What kind of legal tort has been violated?

A. Negligence

B. Libel

C. Assault

D. Slander

D. Slander
Rationale:
A. ❌ Negligence is failure to do duty, not defamation.
B. ❌ Libel refers to written defamation.
C. ❌ Assault is a threat of harm.
D. ✅ Slander is spoken defamation that harms reputation.

3.     You have been appointed as a member of the Board of Nursing. You are fully aware that the ff. are duties and power of the Board except:

A. Has the authority to open and close colleges of nursing and/or nursing education programs

B. Conduct the licensure examination for nurses

C. Monitor and enforce quality standards of nursing practice in the Philippines

D. Revoke certificates of registration for the practice of nursing

A. Has the authority to open and close colleges of nursing and/or nursing education programs
Rationale:
A. ✅ Only CHED or DepEd has that authority.
B. ❌ BON conducts licensure exams.
C. ❌ BON enforces standards of practice.
D. ❌ BON can revoke licenses when necessary.

4.     Lana recently passed the nursing licensure examination. Which of the following situations will have her liable for misrepresentation?

A. If she administers phenytoin to a wrong patient

B. If she uses her husband’s license number when she signs off her chart

C. Using fake certificate and license for applying in different hospitals

D. None of the above

B. If she uses her husband’s license number when she signs off her chart

A. – Incorrect. Giving a drug to the wrong patient is medication error/negligence, not misrepresentation.
B. – ✅ Correct. Using her husband’s license number is pretending to have another professional identity—this is misrepresentation.
C. – Incorrect. Using fake certificates/licenses is falsification or fraud, not specifically misrepresentation in this context.
D. – Incorrect.

5.     In the ER, you attended a  15 day old infant who was brought to ER due to asphyxiation. The infant soon died after many cycles of resuscitation. It was soon found out that he was asphyxiated by Joe, the uncle of the victim who was under the influence of alcohol. He will be held liable in which of the following crimes:

A. Infanticide

B. Homicide

C. Parricide

D. Abortion

B. Homicide

A. – Incorrect. Infanticide under Philippine law applies to killing a child less than 3 days old.
B. – ✅ Correct. Killing a 15-day-old child by a non-parent/guardian is classified as homicide.
C. – Incorrect. Parricide applies when the killer is a parent, ascendant, spouse, or legitimate relative in the direct line—not an uncle.
D. – Incorrect. Abortion is termination of pregnancy, not postnatal killing.

6. Which of the following nurses are performing outside their scope of duty?

1) Taylor, cleaning a 24h post-craniotomy wound care

2) Allison, teaching a client how to perform suctioning at home

3) Selena coordinating with local chief executives about an NCD program 

4) Camila, teaching a student nurse how to perform surgical scrubbing in the absence of clinical instructor

5) Ariana, writing the prescription for Paracetamol using the doctor’s trodat

6) Adele, assessing the size of the cervical dilatation of a patient with antenatal bleeding

7) Lorde, a fresh graduate, performing suturing of  1st degree perineal lacerations

A. 1, 2 and 3

B. 2, 3 and 4

C. 3, 4, and 5

D. 5, 6, and 7

D. 5, 6, and 7
Rationale:
5. ✅ Writing prescriptions is outside nurse scope.
6. ✅ Internal vaginal exams require physician authority.
7. ✅ New graduates are not authorized to suture lacerations.

7.     A couple consults in a family planning clinic. The couple is planning to use vasectomy as a family planning method of choice after having 10 children. Consent must be gained from:

A. Husband only

B. The whole family

C. The couple

D. No consent is needed

C. The couple
Rationale:
A. ❌ Husband cannot consent alone for permanent contraception.
B. ❌ The whole family’s consent is not required.
C. ✅ Informed consent for sterilization requires both partners.
D. ❌ Consent must be obtained — it's an invasive procedure.

8.     Sabrina is a 20 year old female who had undergone appendectomy. Her post-op site has been causing her pain in the last 4 hours. It was assessed by the physician and was prescribed with pain medications. However, Sabrina refuses to take the medications because it makes her sleepy. However, Linda, the nurse in charge, administered it despite objection of the patient because she feels that it will benefit the patient and that comfort from pain should be prioritized over the client’s whims. The nurse in this situation could be charged with:

A. Battery

B. Assault

C. Invasion of privacy

D. Lack of informed consent

Answer: A. Battery
Rationale:
A. ✅ Giving treatment without consent is battery (unauthorized touching).
B. ❌ Assault is threat of harm, not action.
C. ❌ Invasion of privacy doesn't apply.
D. ❌ The patient refused, so it's not just lack of informed consent.

9.     The nurse is currently transferring a patient from bed to chair when suddenly a high intensity earthquake hit the city causing the patient and the nurse to lose balance. The client fell and sustained a number of injuries. Which of the following parties should be held liable:

A. The nurse

B. The hospital and nurse

C. Nurse and Supervisor

D. none of the above

D. None of the above
Rationale:
A. ❌ Nurse isn’t liable for natural disasters.
B. ❌ Hospital isn’t liable unless negligence is proven.
C. ❌ Supervisor not involved.
D. ✅ No one is liable — it was a fortuitous event.

10. In which of the following situations is the use of patient’s confidential medical records in court ethically responsible and legal? 

A. When there is a written court order issued by the judge

B. If the client’s family requests for the chart to be used in court

C. If the client refuses to have the chart used in court

D. If the doctor has requested for the chart to be used as evidence

A. When there is a written court order issued by the judge
Rationale:
A. ✅ A judge’s order overrides confidentiality for legal proceedings.
B. ❌ Family can't authorize without patient consent.
C. ❌ Patient refusal must be respected unless court-ordered.
D. ❌ Doctor’s request alone is not enough legally.

11.     Jenina, after passing the board examination, did not immediately apply for work. She got married and had 3 kids. After which minimum duration, should she be required to undergo further training? 

A. 5 years

B. 3years

C. 10 years

D. 5months

A. – ✅ Correct. Under RA 9173 (Philippine Nursing Act), nurses who have not practiced for 5 years must undergo refresher/retraining before returning to work.
B. – Incorrect. 3 years inactivity does not yet require formal retraining.
C. – Incorrect. 10 years is beyond the requirement; retraining is mandated earlier.
D. – Incorrect. 5 months does not require retraining.

12. You are a volunteer nurse in a district hospital and in the course of your job, you accidentally brought the wrong patient to the OR. Patient decided to file a case, who should be held liable together with you?

A. Hospital

B. Head Nurse

C. Nursing Supervisor

D. None of the above

A. Hospital
Rationale:
A. ✅ Hospital is vicariously liable for acts of its employees.
B. ❌ Head nurse not directly involved.
C. ❌ Supervisor not named in situation.
D. ❌ Liability must be shared with institution.

13. You are currently transporting a patient from the cath lab to her room using a wheelchair.  You did not have the time to check the wheelchair because the patient was rushing to get back to her room. However, when the patient tried to stand from the wheelchair, the patient fell because its lock failed thus causing the wheelchair to slip. Patient sustained injury. Who is liable?

A. Cardo, the nurse only.

B. The hospital and the nurse

C. The hospital onlY 

D. The head nurse and Cardo.

B. The hospital and the nurse
Rationale:
A. ❌ Nurse has partial responsibility but not sole.
B. ✅ Both are liable — nurse for not checking, hospital for equipment failure.
C. ❌ Hospital alone is not solely liable.
D. ❌ Head nurse not directly involved.

14. Lena is a staff nurse in the Pediatric ICU. She had been working as a nurse for 15 years. With the passage of RA 9173, she should know the following EXCEPT:

A. If she wants to be a dean of the college of nursing, she should have a Doctorate Degree in Nursing

B. If she wants to be a member of the BON, she should resign from employment from any private or government.

C. Her minimum base pay should not be lower than salary G15

D. None of the above

A. – ✅ Correct. To become a Dean of a College of Nursing, RA 9173 requires a Master’s Degree in Nursing, not necessarily a Doctorate (though some CHED policies may set a doctorate for certain institutions).
B. – Correct. A BON member must not have employment in private/government to avoid conflict of interest.
C. – Correct. The minimum base pay for government nurses is not lower than Salary Grade 15.
D. – Incorrect. There is an answer that is false (A).

15. The following are grounds for revocation and suspension of certificate of registration EXCEPT:

A. Declared by the psychiatrist to be of unsound mind

B. Unprofessional and unethical conduct

C. For gross incompetence or serious ignorance

D. For malpractice or negligence in the practice of nursing

A. Declared by the psychiatrist to be of unsound mind
Rationale:
A. ✅ Psychiatric declaration alone is not automatic ground unless legally proven.
B. ❌ Unprofessional conduct is a ground.
C. ❌ Gross incompetence is a valid ground.
D. ❌ Malpractice and negligence are grounds.