KS3 Year 9: Tectonic Hazards

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10 Terms

1

Layers of the Earth

-Inner Core

-Outer Core

-Mantle

-Crust

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2

Inner Core

-2900km below earth’s surface

-Hottest layer and can reach 5500°C

- Made up of Iron and Nickel(Which is why the earth has a magnetic field)

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3

Outer Core

-Layer that surrounds the inner core

-Made up liquid iron

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4

Mantle

-Layer of earth that makes up 84% of its volumes

-Thickest section at around 2900km thick

-Made up of different layers

-Upper mantle is hard

-Below the upper mantle is is semi molten rock called magma

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5

Crust

-Outer Layer of the Earth

-where we live

-Thinnest layer(around 5-90km thick)

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6

Types of Earth Plates

The Earth’s Crust is split into two plates which float on the upper portion of the mantle

Types of Plate

-Dense oceanic crust

-Less dense thick continental crust

These Plates move slowly and either move apart, towards or past each other

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7

Plate Margin

When tectonic plates meet.

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8

Tectonic Activity

Natural events that occur as a result of the movement of tectonic plates

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9

Tectonic hazard

A natural disaster caused by the Earth's crust moving, leading to loss of life, property damage, and disruption of human activities.

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10

Theories for why the plates move

Two theories explain plate movement

-convection currents in the Earth's mantle, where heat from the core causes magma to rise.

-Slab pull, where heavier denser plates sink into the mantle and drag other sections, causing circular motion.

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