Poetic Terms & Definitions AP

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38 Terms

1

Alliteration

Repetition of the same sound at the beginning of two or more words in a line.

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2

Allusion

Brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing or idea of historical, cultural, literary or political significance.

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3

Anaphora

The repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive lines or stanzas.

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4

Apostrophe

When the speaker addresses an absent person, an idea, or a thing.

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5

Assonance

The repetition of similar vowel sounds in a sentence or a line of poetry.

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6

Blank Verse

Poetry written in regular metrical but unrhymed lines (usually iambic pentameter).

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7

Caesura

A strong pause within a line of verse created by a punctuation mark or white space.

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8

Conceit

A fanciful expression in writing or speech; an elaborate metaphor.

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9

Connotation

An idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning.

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10

Denotation

The dictionary meaning of a word.

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11

Diction

The selection of words in a literary work to convey action, reveal character, imply attitudes, identify themes, and suggest values.

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12

Enjambment

A run-on line of poetry in which logical and grammatical sense carries over from one line into the next.

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13

Figurative Language

Language that conveys meaning beyond the literal level.

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14

Imagery

Literal or figurative descriptions that appeal to the reader’s senses.

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15

Juxtaposition

Placing two entities side by side to create dramatic or ironic contrast.

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16

Meter

The measured pattern of rhythmic accents in poems.

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17

Metonymy

Referring to something in terms of a closely-associated object.

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18

Mood

The general feeling or atmosphere that a piece of writing creates within the reader.

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19

Onomatopoeia

The use of words to imitate the sounds they describe.

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20

Oxymoron

The pairing of two or more words that present a contradiction.

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21

Paradox

A seemingly absurd or self-contradictory statement that may prove to be well founded or true.

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22

Personification

The endowment of inanimate objects or abstract concepts with animate or living qualities.

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23

Repetition

The use of the same word or phrase multiple times.

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24

Rhyme Scheme

The ordered pattern of rhymes at the ends of the lines of a poem.

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25

Simile

A figure of speech involving a comparison between unlike things using like, as, or as though.

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26

Speaker

The narrative voice of the poem, which may not be the poet.

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27

Stanza

A dividing and organizing technique that groups lines in a poem together.

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28

Symbol

An object or action in a literary work that means more than itself.

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29

Synecdoche

Substituting a part for a whole.

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30

Theme

The idea of a poetic work abstracted from its details and cast in the form of a generalization.

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31

Tone

The implied attitude of the speaker toward the subject.

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32

Tension

A balance maintained in a poem between opposing forces or elements.

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33

Understatement

The presentation of something as being smaller, worse, or less important than it actually is.

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34

Hyperbole

The presentation of something as being bigger, better, or more important than it actually is.

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35

Rhyme

The matching of vowel or consonant sounds in two or more words.

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36

Free Verse

A type of poetry characterized by freedom from regularity and consistency in elements such as rhyme and meter.

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37

Fixed Form

Poems that follow strict or definite patterns of lines, meter, rhyme, and stanzas.

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38

Juxtaposition

Comparison or contrast achieved by placing two entities side by side.

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