Essentials of Psychology: Motivation and Emotion

These flashcards cover key concepts related to motivation and emotion as discussed in the Essentials of Psychology lecture.

Motivation

Factors that activate, direct, and sustain goal-directed behavior.

Instinct Theory

Proposes that behavior is motivated by genetically programmed, innate patterns specific to members of a species.

Drive Theory

Posits that behavior is motivated by drives arising from biological needs demanding satisfaction.

Homeostasis

The body's tendency to maintain a steady internal state.

Incentive Theory

Proposes that our attraction to particular goals or objects motivates behavior by pulling us toward them.

Psychosocial Needs

Interpersonal aspects of motivation, such as the need for friendship or achievement.

Achievement Motivation

A desire to achieve success that is influenced by both extrinsic and intrinsic motivations.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

A model proposing an order to human needs from basic biological needs to self-actualization.

Cognitive Needs

Needs related to the desire for knowledge and understanding.

James-Lange Theory

Proposes that emotions occur after awareness of physiological responses to stimuli.

Cannon-Bard Theory

Suggests the subjective experience of emotion and bodily reactions occur simultaneously.

Two-Factor Model

Combines physiological arousal and cognitive appraisal to produce specific emotions.

Dual-Pathway Model of Fear

Describes how the brain processes fear messages through two pathways: one to the cerebral cortex and one to the amygdala.