Art His Exam 2 - Terms

Archaic Period

Archaic Period

Temples: Idealized, calculated, and precise.

Greek trade and colonization increased.

Second Greek Period

Classical Period

Greek culture flourishes after defeating the Persians, allowing for a lot of change in Greek art. Emphasis on naturalism.

Early: Kritos Boy

High: Three Goddesses from East Pediment of the Parthenon

Late: Aphrodite of Knidos

Hellenistic Period

Characterized by individual emotion and emo melodrama. Last period of Greece

contrapposto

Weighing on one leg, relaxed and natural

canon of proportions

anatomy of a human sculpture using math

verism

Interested in true to life, lifelike. Roman.

forum

Roman town center. Temples, administrative centers. Public outdoor gatherings.

tetrarchy

‘Ruled by Four’

icon

Use of images of sacrificial figures as demotional aid

iconoclasm

Destruction of saints and sacred stories as a literal interpretation of the 2nd comendment.

basilica

Roman administrative building. Large rectangular building with expansive interior. Used for large indoor gatherings. Nave, aspe, side isles.

nave

large, central opened space that is multiple storeys high.

apse

Round extensions projected outward. For Judges or other honorable people.

oculus

Circular opening, similar to a sundial, in the Pantheon. Creates drama and lets in light/air.

coffer

Square indents in dome, formally painted. Highlighted by Oculus. Lightened domes weight, Originally painted dark with golden, stylized rosed like stars in heaven.

longitudinal-plan building

Horizontal axis focus

central-plan building

vertical axis focus.

transept

Christian addition to the basilica. Creates a cross shape in the building.

pendentives

Found in the Church of hagia Sophia. Used to hide heavy stone that supports dome weight. 4 arches made 4 triangles. Gives dome floating, weightless and impossible architecture feeling. Curved Supports. New engineering technique.