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Narrative
Story/Passage/Text
expository
Informational/Nonfiction/Passage/Text
Literary devices (figurative language)
simile, metaphor, personification, hyperbole, symbol
Poetry
A type of literature that expresses ideas, feelings, or tells a story in a specific form (usually using lines and stanzas) imagery, sensory details, symbolism
Characteristics
A distinguishing feature or quality; character traits
point of view (perspective)
1st, 2nd, 3rd person (the vantage point the story is told from)
Dialogue
Conversation between characters
Plot
Sequence of events in a story
Setting
The time and place of a story
Theme
the OVERALL MESSAGE of a piece of writing
(bravery, broken dreams, friendship, family, perseverance, love)
Note:
Theme/central message are often used for narrative/fiction
Main idea/central idea are more commonly associated with expository/nonfiction text
conflict
A struggle between opposing forces. Man vs. Man, Man vs. society, Man vs. himself and Man vs. nature.
internal conflict
A struggle between opposing needs, desires, or emotions within a single character (man vs. self)
external conflict
struggle between a literary or dramatic character and an outside force such as nature or another character, which drives the dramatic action of the plot
reading selections
(synonyms)
Excerpt
Article
Passage
Selection
Text
Analyze
text-based; often used when students are asked to pull supporting evidence/details from the text using direct quotes
Summarize
give a brief statement of the main points of (something).
who, what, when, where, why
Compare
Finding similarities
*discuss BOTH similarities and differences when it is used alone (without "contrast")
Contrast
Find differences
Evaluate
to assess, judge, or examine
Cite
the act of taking a quote/ repeating exact words
Determine/Conclude
to conclude; arrive at an idea or answer
Inference
A conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning
author's purpose
The reason the author has for writing. ( Inform, persuade, & entertain)
Topic
what the text is about
Mood
Feeling or atmosphere that a writer creates for the reader
Tone
Attitude a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character
Essay Writing
THESE ARE TEXT-BASED AND TYPICALLY ASK STUDENTS TO ANALYZE OR EXPLAIN...
Ex. "Write an essay that explains how two texts help the reader to understand a theme common to both; use information from both texts to support your explanation."
Narrative Writing
THESE ARE CATEGORIZED AS NARRATIVE AND ASK STUDENTS TO CREATE...
Ex. "Write a narrative that continues the story, including supporting details* from the story."
Ex. "Write a narrative from another character's point of view."