Criminal Justice In Action Week 3 Key Terms

Arson

A crime that involves destruction of a physical structure or item by fire

Assault

A crime that involves physical harm

Burglary

A crime that occurs when someone enters a building or another physical space without permission

Clery Act

Federal legislation that requires that campus collect data of crimes that occur on campus

Crime Rate

A calculation that compares the number of crimes with the size of the population

Dark Figure of crime

refers to unreported crime statistics

Drug Use

a crime that involves the use of illegal or illicit substances

Elder Fraud

when the individual gains the trust of an older individual to take advantage of them

Espionage

a crime that occurs when an individual or government obtains secret confidential information

Financial fraud

when someone intentionally deceives a person giving them misleading, concealing or omitting facts about promised goods for monetary gain

Forcible Rape

The carnal knowledge of forcibly against their will

Fraud

The types of crime that involve deception in order to gain and unfair or illegal advantage

Hierarchy Rule

Uniform crime reporting program that courts prioritize the serious crimes

Larceny- Theft

a crime that involves someone taking property without force

Longitudial studies

self- report studies that investigates crime over a period of time

Murder

a crime that involves a human killing another human

National Crime Victimization Survey

the largest study in the U.S trying to understand the gap between reported crimes and unreported crimes

National Incident Based Reporting

system of crime data that offers expanded data categories of crime statistics

National Youth Survey Family Study

longitudinal study of at risk behavior in youth

Property Crimes

crimes that involve taking or damage of physical goods

Prostitution

a crime that involves exchange of sexual favors for money or other goods

Rape and Sexual Assault

a crime that involves sexual activity without consent

Robbery

a crime that involves taking someone’s personal property through the use of force of fear

Self- Reported data

refers to crime statistics based on personal disclosures

Skimming

when illegal devices are placed (ATMS, gas stations etc) in order to steal infromation

Status offences

refers to acts that are considered illegal for only certain groups based on their age

Statutory Rape

a crime that involves sexual activity with someone unable to consent due to their age

Terrorism

a crime that involves using violence to instill fear in order to enact political change

Treason

a crime that refers to an act with an attempt to overthrow the government

Type 1 Offences

has eight categories that include: murder, rape, aggravated assault and theft

Uniform Crime Reports

one of the largest datasets on crime, created by the FBI, based on police arrest data

Vandalism

a crime that involves damage or destruction of a physical building

Vicarious trauma

involves the emotional impact or trauma as a result of being exposed to a crime

Victemless crimes

crimes that involve self harm or consensual behaviors

violent offences

crimes that involve acts against another person

White collar crime

offenses that occur in a corperate setting

Youth Risk behavior Surveillance System

research by the CDC that focuses on health and youth risk behaviors among high school students