YEAR 9 POLITICS AND LAW SHORT ANSWER TEST REVISION

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20 Terms

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Representative Democracy

A system where people elect candidates to represent them in parliament and vote on laws on their behalf.

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Constitutional Monarchy
A political system with a constitution and a monarch as the head of state.
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Liberal Democracy
A government system that protects individual rights and freedoms while limiting government interference.
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House of Representatives
The lower house of parliament in Australia, composed of 151 representatives who serve three-year terms.
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Senate
The upper house of parliament in Australia, composed of 76 senators serving six-year terms.
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Political Party
An organization that represents a particular group of people or set of ideas.
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Major Political Parties

Political parties that dominate the political landscape and whose primary purpose is to form government, such as the Labor Party and Liberal Party in Australia.

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Minor Political Parties

Political parties that have less influence than major parties, such as the Nationals and United Australia Party. (often join with major parties to form coalitions.)

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Independents

Members of parliament who do not belong to any political party as they may have views that do not fit with other parties. (eg. Andrew Wilkie and Kate Chaney.)

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Opposition
The second largest political party or coalition in the lower house of parliament, scrutinizing government policies.
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Electorate
A designated geographical area represented by an elected member in parliament.
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Absolute Majority
A majority achieved by winning more than 50% of the votes or seats.
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Preferential Voting
A voting system where voters rank candidates in order of preference and the candidate must achieve an absolute majority.
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First Past the Post
A voting system where the candidate with the highest number of votes wins, which is not used in Australia.
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Proportional Voting
A voting system used in the Senate where candidates must reach a quota of votes to win a seat.
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Rule of Law
The principle that law applies equally to all individuals, and no one is above the law.
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Principles of the Rule of Law
1. Laws must be certain; 2. Laws must be general; 3. Laws must be applied equally.
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Color of the House of Representatives
Green, taken from the House of Commons in the UK.
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Color of the Senate
Red, taken from the House of Lords in the UK.
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What does the Liberal Party stand for?

rights and freedoms of all people