Diplomacy and Treaties 1784-1814

what time period does your professor focus on for diplomacy and treaties?

1784-1814, from the post-revolution era through the war of 1812

why did the treaty of paris (1783) do?

ended the american revolution and recognized u.s. independence

did the treaty of paris involve land?

yes — britain granted u.s. territory west to the mississippi river

were american diplomats skillful or lucky in 1783?

both — british global losses (esp to france) made them willing to concede, diplomats like john jay and benjamin franklin took advantage of that

what did americans learn from this treaty?

that diplomacy could win large territorial gains even when europe’s power struggles helped them

what were the major foreign threats after 1783?

british kept forts on u.s. land; spain restricted access to new orleans; and both influenced native tribes

what was the goal of u.s. diplomacy in 1790s?

protect trade and territory without war

how did george washington handle foreign issues?

through treaties and neutrality, avoiding war with britain or france

what did early treaties show about diplomacy?

the u.s. could use negotiation instead of force, but success often depended on european conflicts

who was president during the louisiana purchase?

thomas jefferson

did the louisiana purchase involve land?

yes, it doubled the size of the united states

how did america get the land from the louisiana purchase?

france sold it for $15 million because of the haitian revolution (1801-1804) and its war with england

were diplomats skillful or lucky in the louisiana purchase?

both — robert livingston and james monroe  negotiated skillfully, but the deal was possible mainly because napoleon needed money

what caused the war of 1812?

trade restrictions, british impressment of u.s. sailors, and american honor

what happened during the war of 1812?

u.s. suffered early defeats, british navy blockaded ports, some americans, like those in nantucket even made neutrality deals to survive

what was the hartford convention of 1814?

new england federalists met to oppose the war, showed u.s. disunity

what did the treaty of ghent (1814) do?

ended the war, restored pre-war boundaries, and improved u.s. reputation abroad

did the treaty of ghent involve territory?

no, it restored territory to how it was before the war, no new land gained or lost

how did albert gallatin describe the outcome?

“the war has been useful” america’s character stands now as high as ever on the european continent

were diplomats skillful or lucky in 1814?

both — skillful negotiation by john quincy adams, albert gallatin, henry clay, and luck (britain was tired of fighting napoleon)

who promoted post war optisimism and unity?

james monroe

what did post-war diplomacy accomplish?

strengthened, u.s. pride and stability, ending federalist influence and fostering national unity

did post-war diplomacy involve land?

indirectly — it reaffirmed u.s. territory and peace rather than expansion

which treaties involved land?

treaty of paris (1783) and louisiana purchase (1803), both expanded u.s. territory

which treaties did not involve land?

treaty of ghent (1814) — restored boundaries, now new land

were american diplomats mainly skillful or lucky overall (1784-1814)?

both  — skillful negotiators like jay, jefferson, adams, and clay, but also benefited from european wars and timing

what pattern does u.s. diplomacy show 1783-1814?

from securing independence —> expanding territory —> protecting unity —> each phrase balancing skill and circumstances

what year was the treaty of paris?

1783

when was the lousiana purchase?

1803

when was the treaty of gent?

1814

who were the key diplomats of the treaty of paris?

benjamin franklin, john jay, john adams

who were the key diplomats for the louisiana purchase?

thomas jefferson, james monroe, helped by the haitian revolt and napoleon needing money for war

who were the key diplomats for the treaty of ghent?

J.Q. Adams, Henry Clay, Albert Gallatin