mgmt exam 3 study guide

Product Layout

Which layout is based on the sequence of operations performed during manufacturing or service delivery?

Higher output rates

What is a key advantage of a product layout?

Flow-Blocking Delay

What term refers to when a unit cannot be released because the next stage's storage is full?

Assembly Line

A product layout dedicated to combining the components of a good or service that has been previously created is called?

High materials-handling costs

What is one disadvantage of process layouts?

Fixed Position

Which layout consolidates resources necessary to manufacture a good or deliver a service in one location?

Process Layout

Which uses Likert scales?

Product Layout

Which layout may lead to lower job satisfaction due to repetitive tasks?

Process Layout

Which layout is preferred when high flexibility is needed?

Buffers (wip queues)

In product layouts what separates workstations?

Fixed-Position layout

What layout is often used for project based manufacturing like ships or aircraft?

Lack-of-Work Delay

Which type of delay occurs due to lack of items from the previous stage?

Self contained cells

What kind of equipment does a cellular layout use?

New goods/services introduced

Which is a primary reason to redesign a facility layout?

Determining the order in which jobs or tasks are processed

What does sequencing refer to in operations scheduling?

Longest Processing Time

Which of the following is NOT a popular sequencing rule?

Makespan

Total time to process a given set of jobs is called?

It is zero if the job is completed on or before due

Which statement is true about tardiness?

Lateness

Difference between completion time and due date is?

Process focused criteria

Which of the following performance criteria focuses on equipment utilization?

Flow Time

Time a job spends in the shop or factory is called?

Order of arrival

In first come first serve jobs are scheduled based on?

Closest Due Date

In Earliest due date (EDD) rule jobs are scheduled based on?

Shortest Processing Time

Which rule aims to minimize the average flow time?

Assigning start and completion times to jobs

Scheduling is defined as?

Outsourcing jobs

Which is not a part of staff scheduling steps?

Match staff availability with company needs

Staff scheduling process tries to?

List minimum employees needed per day

What's the first step in scheduling consecutive days off for employees?

Lateness

Which of the following is a customer focused due date criterion?

Inventory

"Any asset held for future use or sale" is termed as?

Cars waiting to be painted

Which of the following is an example of Work-In-Process Inventory?

Finished goods

"Completed products ready for distribution or sale to customers" are termed as?

Helps avoid stockouts

Which of the following is an advantage of holding inventory?

Sales commission

What does Inventory Carrying Cost NOT include?

Planning, coordinating, and controlling inventory-related activities

Inventory management includes:

Demand for a primary item

Which of the following defines Independent Demand?

Dependent demand

"Demand for laptop batteries based on laptop production" is an example of?

Forecasting

The goal of ____ is "predicting customer demand accurately"?

Static demand

Demand for light bulbs in a residential building where the usage remains constant over time is an example of?

Anticipatory stock

Inventory accumulated to hedge against unusual events that will negatively impact the source of supply is called?

Safety stock

Which inventory is held above normal levels to account for demand variability?

Lean Operating Systems

Manufacturing and service operations that apply the principles of lean enterprise are often referred to?

Increased inventory

Which of the following is NOT a principle of lean operating systems?

Reduced cost

What is often a key outcome of reducing waste and improving quality?

Investment

Which of the following is NOT considered a form of waste in lean systems?

What does “Set in order” aim to achieve in 5S principles?

Easy access to tools and materials

Shine

Clean work area

Standardize

Formalize procedures and practices to create consistency and ensure that all steps are performed correctly

Single Minute Exchange of Dies (SMED)

Quick changeover of tools to run multiple small-batch products on the same equipment

Six Sigma

What aims to reduce Process Variation to achieve near-flawless quality?

Assemble-to-Order

The process choice decision involves customers selecting standard parts, sub-assemblies, or services from a limited set

Continuous Flow

This process type is tailored for producing highly standardized products

Flow Shop

This process type follows a fixed sequence of activities to produce a limited variety of similar goods and services

Process Mapping

This visual tool describes how work is or should be performed and how the transformation process creates value

Product Layout

Arranged by the sequence of operations/workstations during the manufacturing of goods or delivery of services

Process Layout

One approach focuses on minimizing material handling costs with hard data, especially in manufacturing

Facility Layout

Defined as being synonymous with a project

Workstations

Product layouts in flow shops generally consist of a fixed sequence of

Lack-of-work delay

This type of delay occurs when a stage finishes its work and no units from the prior stage are awaiting processing

Cellular layout

The main feature is self-contained groups of equipment used for producing specific goods

Assembly line balancing

This approach groups tasks so each workstation has an equal amount of work

Scheduling

Involves assigning start and finish times to specific jobs, people, or equipment

Sequencing

Refers to deciding the order in which jobs or tasks are carried out

Flow Time

Measures how long a single job is in the shop or factory

Tardiness

The duration by which the completion time surpasses the due date

Completed before or on due date

Tardiness is zero if a job is

Shortest Processing Time (SPT)

Minimizes average flow time

Work-in-process

A coffee maker waiting to be painted is an example of this type of inventory

Stock Keeping Unit (SKU)

Refers to a unit type with a unique form, fit, and function meaning unique components kept in stock

Inventory Carrying Cost (ICC)

Includes capital cost, storage space cost, and risk and services cost

Postponement

Refers to deferring final activities to lowest possible time

Inventory Management

Involves administering inventory to guarantee product availability

Forecasting

Refers to estimating how much of a product customers will buy

Dependent Demand; Independent Demand

Demand for a bicycle wheel is this; demand for a bicycle is

Safety Stock

The buffer stock retained above normal levels to accommodate any changes in customer demand

Lean Thinking

Aims to eliminate waste and optimize flow of material and information for faster speed, higher quality, and lower cost

Improved Quality

Is NOT among the seven key categories for waste elimination

Anticipatory stock

When organizations stockpile inventory to protect against risks from unexpected supply disruptions

Shine

With 5S principles, emphasizes a clean and properly maintained work environment

Total Productive Maintenance (TPM)

Primary focus is reducing equipment breakdowns and ensuring zero defects

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Single Minute Exchange of Dies

SMED is a lean tool that stands for

Visual Controls

Picking-to-light is an example of this lean tool/approach