ARTH 219

Trabeated

Forms that consist of vertical columns holding up horizontal roofs.

Aniconism

No iconography of animals and humans in Islamic art.

Hypostyle

Horizontal roof supported by rows of columns or pillars.

Masjid

Mosque, place of worship for Muslims.

Circumambulation

The act of walking around a sacred object or place.

Mihrab

A niche in the mosque wall that indicates the direction of Mecca.

Minbar

A raised platform or pulpit in a mosque where the imam delivers the sermon.

Iwan

A hall or space with one open end and another closed.

Chahar bagh

Islamic garden divided into four quadrants.

Qanat

An expensive underground sloping aqueduct.

Maqsura

An enclosed screen area at Mihrab for the caliph’s personal use.

Voussoir

Wedge-shaped or tapered stones used to construct an arch.

Skewed facade

Exterior facing the street while the interior is oriented towards Qibla.

Muqarnas

Curved, made of stucco or plaster.

Ziyada

Outer courtyard.

Fiat city

Planned city, almost mathematical, either perfectly circular or perfectly rectangular.

Umayyad Dynasty

Dynasty from 661-750, known for settling and transforming the land, with capital in Damascus.

Dome of the Rock

Stands on Haram al Sharif platform, built on site of Jewish and Christian significance.

Great Mosque of Damascus

Built on foundations of Roman temple & Christian church, featuring a hypostyle plan.

Qasr-al-Hayr East

Agricultural estate with walls to trap seasonal water for cultivation.

Khirbat al-Mafjar

A mosaic palace featuring a bath hall and water display as a display of luxury.

Mshatta

Features long entry with a triple arch gate leading to the throne room.

Mosque of Rusafa

Built on remains of Byzantine city, featuring the earliest chahar bagh.

Abbasid Dynasty

Dynasty from 750-1258, capital city was Baghdad.

Dar al-Khilafa

Caliph’s palace in Samarra, built on Tigris river.

Balkuwara Palace

Grand palace built on Tigris river during the Abbasid Dynasty.

Mosque al-Mutawakkil

The largest mosque of its time, built with brick for cost efficiency.

Masjid-i Tarikn

A 9-bay type mosque in Balkh, Afghanistan, notable for its stucco.

Tulunids

Dynasty under the Abbasids from 868-905.

Mosque of Ibn Tulun

Surrounded by a ziyada to separate from urban encroachment.

Great Mosque of Qairawan

A hypostyle plan mosque with a T-plan and fluted mihrab dome.

Hispano-Umayyad Dynasty

Dynasty from 755-1010 with a capital in Cordoba.

Great Mosque of Cordoba

Mirror of the mosque of Damascus, notable for its hypostyle prayer hall.

Bib Madum

A small neighborhood mosque in Toledo, notable for its 9-bay type.

Madinat al-Zahra

A palace complex with a deliberate view positioning for the Caliph.

Fatimid Dynasty

Dynasty in Egypt from 909-1171.

Mahdiya Mosque

Birthplace of Fatimid dynasty, featuring a hypostyle design.

Mosque of al-Azhar

Wider and higher mihrab aisle with a raised dome over the mihrab.

Mosque of al-Hakim

Built by caliph al-Hakim, notable for rectangular piers.

Mosque of al-Aqmar

Features a skewed facade, lots of symbolism, and Quranic inscriptions.