Fam 253 exam 2

According to Sternberg's research, what is "passion"?

it is sparked by physical attraction and sexual desire driving a person to pursue a romantic relationship

"If I could never be with ____, I would feel miserable" is an example from which part of Rubin's Love Scale?

needing

What is the term that identifies that group of people to whom a person may be attracted?

group of eligibles

When it comes to choosing an ideal mate, what does the most current research show?

Women and men rate financial stability as an important factor in attraction

During which era did the idea that romantic love is the most desirable form of love become popular?

19th century

Lott and Lott found that children who were rewarded continually by their teachers came to like their classmates more than children who were not rewarded. What theory of love does this research finding reflect?

behavioral reinforcement

Inconsistent caregiving results in _________ babies.

ambivalent

PLS stands for _________________________.

Passionate Love Scale

In which type of love is there a lack of the high and low swings of romantic love?

compassionate love

____________ theorists believe that love is a strategy that helps us form the bonds we need to reproduce and pass our genes on to the next generation.

evolutionary

____________ theory suggests the action comes first and the interpretation comes later.

cognitive

Excessive admiration of oneself is called ________.

narcissism

Which of the following statements is false?

Sexual behavior is necessarily an expression of love or intimacy.

Individuals who can self-disclose have higher levels of _________ in their relationships and rate their relationships as more satisfying.

self-esteem and confidence

David Buss did research on 37 cultures and found that men valued __________ in a partner more than women did.

good looks

Jay and Colette were on the same airplane during an emergency landing. They met at the airport while waiting for another airplane. Over the next four months, they formed a long-distance relationship. Colette says her heart races whenever she sees Jay. What theory best exemplifies this?

physiological arousal

A group of genes that helps the body recognize invaders such as bacteria and viruses are called ________.

histocompatibility complex (MHC)

According to your text, what is one of the most reliable predictors of whom a person will date?

proximity

Which element is so important to intimacy that early researchers considered it the definition of intimacy?

self-disclosure

Research has found a strong correlation between intimacy and the ability to do what?

self-disclose

According to this chapter, research supports which folk saying?

birds of a feather flock together

The biological effects, including the production of adrenaline, cortisol, and other chemical messengers of stress on the human body is known as ________.

allostatic load

Researchers have found that certain areas of the brain are stimulated when couples are in love by using what research tool?

magnetic resonance imaging

Chemical substances that are secreted by humans and animals and facilitate communication are known as ________.

pheromones

According to your text, what is a significant characteristic that distinguishes love from intimacy?

reciprocity

Which style of attachment is most likely used to describe babies who have caregivers who are uncomfortable with affection and force separation at an early age?

avoidant

What is sparked by physical attraction and sexual desire?

passion

In which of the following countries is it most likely for a person to think first of how a mate would be received by family and friends over one's own sense of romance?

China

Lust is often confused with love. Which theory states this?

physiological arousal theory

When making the decision to initiate a sexual relationship with another person, which of the following things can be considered?

All of these are correct (be honest with yourself, clarify your values, be honest with your partner)

Related to attachment, divorce, and future relationships, what factor has been found to reduce the negative effects of divorce on children?

if a child has a good relationship with at least one parent after the divorce

What are the three components of attachment measure by Rubin's "Love Scale"?

needing, caring, trusting

Which of the following is the most important factor in the development of intimacy?

All of these are correct (respecting your partner, listening, showing affection)

In some ways, is more difficult to achieve than because the former requires effort, risk, and reciprocity.

intimacy; love

An intimate form of love that involves friendly affection and deep attachment based on familiarity with the loved one is known as _______.

a and b (conjugal love and companionate love)

What does the sentence "Love is fatuous" mean?

Love is silly or foolish

Thao thinks Nick may like him because they have made prolonged eye contact several times during class. Thao finds himself grabbing an extra soda for Nick, offering him help on his homework, and spending time hanging out after class with him. As he thinks about this, he realizes he is falling for Nick. What theory does this best exemplify?

behavioral reinforcement

Which one is the greatest mysteries of human kind?

capacity to love

_________ is relentlessly pursuing someone or making threatening gestures or claims toward the person when the relationship is unwanted.

stalking

The romantic partners that we meet at a party, religious institution, or friend's house are the people likely to come from ________________ .

backgrounds very similar to our own

Which researchers believed that we tend to relate to others in our love relationships much as we did with our primary caregiver when we were young?

Hazen & Shaver

Katie is considering having a sexual relationship with Antonio. She is also thinking about what she learned from her family, education, and religion. Which of the following best explains Katie's thoughts?

values clarification

According to Sternberg's love triangles, what term is used for the absence of the three building blocks of love?

non love

16-month-old Latesha doesn't mind if her father leaves the room because she knows he will respond if she needs him. What style of attachment is Latesha most likely to have?

secure

"I would do almost anything for her" is an example from which part of Rubin's Love Scale?

caring

Which kind of feelings are closely involved with intimacy?

closeness

Natasha and Jake have been dating for about 1 year. Natasha makes Jake feel good about himself. Whenever they are together he seems to feel happier and more confident. What theory does this best exemplify?

behavioral reinforcement

Which statement is descriptive of the matching hypothesis?

People are drawn to others with traits and levels of attractiveness similar to themselves.

Which of the following indicates a problem of self- esteem and personal boundaries?

possessiveness

What do the cultural differences between individuals affect?

communication patterns

What is the RRS, which measures various aspect of relationship?

relationship rating scale

_________ is the process of acknowledging and understanding another person's needs, even if you don't share them.

respect

By what age is a child's attachment style typically established?

9 months

What is the term used to describe the set of behaviors developed in adolescence that we use to forge close relationships throughout our lives?

intimacy repertoire

According to Sternberg, what differentiates romantic love from other kinds of love?

passion

What are gay men more likely to believe in comparison to straight men?

You should share your most intimate thoughts and feelings with the person you love.

Who believed that children had an innate motivational system to attach to their primary caregiver, which helped ensure their safety and survival?

john bowlby

Which researchers pointed out that attractive men have been found to have higher quality sperm while attractive women have been found to be more fertile?

Gallup & Frederick

What is the term used to describe love that will never be returned?

unrequited

Loving another when love will never be returned is known as ________.

unrequited love

Which of the following countries tends to have the lowest degree of conflict in intimate relationships?

France

The instinct or desire to promote one's own well-being is known as________.

self-love

Brian and Ann have been married for over 20 years and they describe their feelings for each other as intimate, trusting, loyal, and romantic. What term best describes their love?

compassionate love

Which term matches this definition? "A set of behaviors that we use in our interactions with others; once we find what works, we develop patterns of interacting with others."

role repertoire

What factor is associated with an ability to find romantic love in adolescence?

marital status of the parents

What can cause deep sadness and a profound sense of loss for most people?

loss of love

Erotic love is most similar to ___________.

romantic love

What is romantic love?

idealized love, based on romance and perfection

The "field of eligibles" is determined through ________ about acceptable and unacceptable partners.

social rules

Which of the following is TRUE according to recent research on pheromones?

Homosexual men respond to pheromones involved in sexual attraction similarly to heterosexual women.

The finding that gay men are more likely than heterosexual men to believe that "you should share your most intimate thoughts and feelings with the person you love" can possibly be explained by which statement?

gay men tend to adopt fewer stereotyped beliefs about gender roles

Which theory of love suggests that we are likely to become attracted to someone we think likes us?

cognitive theory

Which style of attachment is most likely used to describe babies who are comfortable having caregivers be out of their sight?

secure

What do parents display when they attend to their children, smile at them, and hug them?

affection

According to Sternberg, what best describes intimacy?

It involves feelings of closeness, connectedness, and bonding in a loving relationship

Which level of law prohibits stalking?

federal

Erik says "Love is a shopping list. You go through life trying to find a partner who has all of the items on your list." According to Lee what is Erik's love style?

pragma

Which theory of love suggests that we are likely to fall in love with people whom we think have positive traits that will later be passed on to our children?

evolutionary

Past research found that heterosexual women rated _____________ in a partner higher than heterosexual men did. Over time, this gender difference has decreased.

financial stability

Casual sex and "hooking up" can happen between any two people except ________.

those expressing intimacy

According to recent research, when people feel loved and can open up and talk with each other, which of the following becomes stronger?

immune functioning

Talking with your partner may improve your relationship and it helps to preserve __________________.

intimacy

When asked to describe his relationship with his partner, Jason says he knew it was love at first sight and that he loves to close his eyes and sense the touch and smell of his lover. According to Lee, what is Jason's love style?

erotic

What does Ainsworth's research suggest is highly correlated to the type of intimate relationship that you form as an adult?

the type of attachment you formed as a child

Research finds that jealousy is closely related to what two areas?

trust and self-esteem

What method did psychologist John Alan Lee use to identify the six different ways to love which he called "colors" of love?

He collected statements about love from works of fiction and nonfiction including both ancient and modern authors.

What is considered an important component of attraction?

smell

According to research, what love styles identified by Lee are associated with poorer psychological health?

manic and ludic

____________ theory suggests that we like people we associate with feeling good and love people if the association is very good.

behavioral reinforcement

People are typically first attracted to another person based on physical appearance. This tends to _____________.

fade in importance over the life of the relationship

Michelle likes to do sweet and romantic things for her partner. In fact, she will often put her partner's needs above her own. Her partner's happiness is more important than her own. According to Lee, what is Michelle's love style?

agape

Which of the following does adolescent love not teach us about relationships?

how to react to love

Receptivity can be communicated ___________________.

by listening

Social rules often encourage attraction between those who are similar in all of the following areas except ________.

gender

When a person is in love, his or her body releases the drug phenylethylamine, which is also found in which of the following?

chocolate

What is the determination to maintain long-term love?

commitment

Which neurotransmitter creates motivation and cravings to be with a particular partner?

dopamine

What did Robert Sternberg's research propose?

love is made up of three different elements combined in different ways

Imagine that you're at a party with your partner. You notice that your partner is standing close to someone else, talking and laughing, and occasionally putting his or her hand on the other person's arm. At one point, you notice your partner whispering in the other person's ear, and they both laugh. How does that make you feel?

jealous

In his observations of heterosexual strangers in bar situations, Perper found if people were mutually attracted to each other the first indication was what?

they turn their bodies toward each other until they are facing each other