Anatomic Considerations for Local Anesthesia

These flashcards cover key anatomical terms, structures, and concepts related to the administration of local anesthesia and relevant anatomy, as outlined in the lecture notes.

Maxilla

Upper jaw consisting of paired maxillary bones fused at the intermaxillary suture.

Palatine Bones

Paired bones made up of horizontal and vertical plates, contributing to the hard palate and lateral walls of the nasal cavity.

Condyle

Specific prominence on a bone usually involved in joints.

Tuberosity

Large, often rough prominence on a bony surface.

Fossa

Deeper depression in a bone.

Foramen

A short windowlike opening in a bone.

Canal

A longer narrow tubular opening in a bone.

Infraorbital Foramen

Landmark for the Inferior Alveolar (IA) block, located in the maxilla.

Canine Eminence

Landmark for administration of Anterior Superior Alveolar (ASA) Block.

Maxillary Tuberosity

Landmark for administration of Posterior Superior Alveolar (PSA) Block.

Median Palatine Suture

Landmark for administration of Anterior Middle Superior Alveolar (AMSA) Block.

Incisive Foramen

Landmark for the administration of the Nasopalatine block.

Mental Protuberance

Bony prominence of the chin, located deep to the roots of the mandibular incisors.

Mental Foramen

Located between the apices of the mandibular 1st and 2nd premolars.

Body of Mandible

Heavy horizontal part of the jaw.

Alveolar Process of the Mandible

Part of the lower jaw that contains the roots of the mandibular teeth.

Ramus

Flat plate extending superiorly and posteriorly from the body of the mandible.

Coronoid Process

Thin sharp margin at the terminal end of the anterior border of ramus.

Coronoid Notch

Concave forward curve also known as a landmark for administration of Inferior Alveolar Nerve (IAN) block.

External Oblique Line

Crest where the ramus joins the body of the mandible.

Condyle of Mandible

Thickened end located at the posterior end of the ramus.

Retromolar Triangle

Rounded, roughened area just posterior to the most distal molar of the mandible.

Mylohyoid Line

Point of attachment of mylohyoid muscle.

Mandibular Foramen

Located three-fourths the distance from the coronoid notch to the posterior border of the ramus.

Lingula

Serves as an attachment of the sphenomandibular ligament associated with TMJ.

Mylohyoid Groove

A small groove that passes anterior and inferior from the mandibular foramen.

Trigeminal Nerve

Cranial Nerve V, providing sensory information for teeth and associated tissues.

Trigeminal Ganglion

Bulge in the sensory root of the trigeminal nerve, also known as semilunar or gasserian ganglion.

Ophthalmic Division (V1)

Exits through the superior orbital fissure of the sphenoid bone, includes several branches like lacrimal and frontal nerves.

Maxillary Division (V2)

Enters the skull through the foramen rotundum of the sphenoid bone.

Mandibular Division (V3)

Largest of the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve, exits through foramen ovale.

Facial Nerve (CN VII)

Emerges from the brain into the internal acoustic meatus and supplies muscles of facial expression.

Inferior Alveolar Block

Anesthesia technique requiring caution to avoid facial paralysis due to proximity of the facial nerve.

Greater Palatine Foramen

Located in the posterolateral region, transmits the Greater Palatine Nerve.

Lesser Palatine Foramen

Transmits the Lesser Palatine Nerve and blood vessels to the soft palate and tonsils.

Process

Any prominence on a bony surface.

Line

A straight, small ridge on a bony surface.

Notch

Depression; indentation at the edge of a bone.

Anterior Superior Alveolar Block

Type of dental anesthesia targeting the anterior maxillary teeth.

Posterior Superior Alveolar Block

Type of dental anesthesia targeting the posterior maxillary teeth.

Nasopalatine Block

Type of anesthesia for the anterior part of the hard palate.

AMSA Block

Type of anesthesia for the anterior middle region of the maxilla.

IA Nerve

Inferior alveolar nerve, crucial for dental anesthesia.

Zygomatic Nerve

Branch of the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve.

Infraorbital Nerve

Branch of the maxillary nerve that supplies sensation to the face.

Alveolar Nerve

Nerve branch supplying dental structures of the maxilla.

Mylohyoid Muscle

Muscle associated with the mylohyoid line in the mandible.

Sphenomandibular Ligament

Ligament associated with the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

Pterygopalatine Ganglion

Ganglion related to the maxillary nerve in the vicinity of the pterygoid canal.

Zygomaticofacial Nerve

Branch of the zygomatic nerve providing sensation to the skin of cheek.

Zygomaticotemporal Nerve

Branch of the zygomatic nerve providing sensation to the temple region.

Lacrimal Nerve

Branch of the ophthalmic division, supplying the lacrimal gland.

Frontal Nerve

Branch of the ophthalmic division, important for sensation in the forehead region.

Nasociliary Nerve

Branch of the ophthalmic division, providing sensation to the eyes and parts of the nose.

Supratrochlear Nerve

Branch of the frontal nerve contributing to forehead sensation.

Infratrochlear Nerve

Provides sensation to the skin of the nose.