Membranes, Transport and Homeostasis

Active Transport

Requires energy to move substances across the cell membrane

Integral Protein

Creates a channel to help materials pass through the cell

Concentration

The amount of a certain solute (substance)

Concentration Gradient

The difference in the amount of solute between two areas (High to Low)

Diffusion

The movement of molecules from an area of High to Low concentration

Extocytosis

The cell moving materials from the inside to the outside of the cell

Extracellular

Outside of the cell

Endocytosis

The cell moving materials from the outside to the inside of the cell

Facilitated diffusion

Diffusion that requires help from membrane proteins (Polar Molecules)

Homeostasis

A state of balance among the organism

Intracellular

Inside the cell

Osmosis

Water molecules moving through the membrane from an area of Low to High concentration

Passive Transport

Does not require energy to move solutes across the cell

Fluid Mosaic Model

A double-layer sheet that makes up the cell membrane (AKA the Phospholipid Bilayer)

Plasma Membrane

The membrane found in all cells

Isotonic

Two solutions having equal concentration of solute

Hypertonic

A solution having a greater number of solutes outside a membrane

Hypotonic

A solution having a lower number of solutes outside the cell

Phospholipid

A group of polar lipids that make up the cell membrane

Hydrophilic

Water Loving

Hydrophobic

Water repelling

Simple Diffusion

Diffusion that doesn’t require help from membrane proteins (Non-Polar molecules)

Selectively Permeable

Only a certain substances can move through the membrane