Cartilage, Joints, and Ligaments

Cartilage

a specialized form of dense connective tissue that acts as a shock absorber on the ends of bones

bursa

a small sac that secretes synovial fluid between ligaments, cartilages, or tendons

joint

when two or more bones are joined together

ligaments

holds joints together, connects bone to bone, and allows movement

tendon

cordlike structures that attach muscle to bone

Joints are classified by _____ and ______

function and structure

fibrous joints

held together by short connective tissue ex, sutures in the skull

cartilaginous joints

held together by cartilage

Synovial Joints(SJ)

freely moving joints lined with synovial membrane and filled with synovial fluid

Gliding Joint (SJ)

flat or slightly curved bones found in the wrists and ankles that slide back and forth

Hinge joints (SJ)

open and close movement found in the knees and elbows

Saddle joints (SJ)

rocks up and down and side to side, found in the base of the thumb

Ellipsoidal joints (SJ)

allows two axes of movement like with the radius and the ulna

Pivot Joints (SJ)

allows partial rotation found in neck and forearm

Ball and Socket Joints (SJ)

provides all types of movement and rotation, found in hips and shoulders