Single-Subject Research

These flashcards cover key concepts in Single-Subject Research including definitions, research designs, and evaluation criteria.

Single-Subject Design

An experimental research design that focuses on one participant or very small group.

Baseline Observations (A)

Observations conducted before treatment is introduced, establishing a reference point.

Treatment Phase (B)

The phase in which a treatment or intervention is applied.

ABAB Design

A research design with four phases; baseline, treatment, baseline, treatment used to establish cause-and-effect relationships.

Multiple Baseline Designs

Research designs that evaluate treatments with long-lasting effects without needing to return to baseline.

Changing Criterion Design

A design where treatment consists of a series of target levels or criteria to achieve behavior change.

Alternating-Treatments Design

A design where two treatments are randomly administered to observe their effects on the same behavior.

Stable Level

A situation in which data points maintain a consistent, horizontal range over time.

Trend

A consistent increase or decrease in data measurements across different phases.

Visual Inspection

The practice of examining graphs to identify changes and effects between different experimental phases.

Criteria for Cause-and-Effect

Requirements for establishing a clear change in behavior with treatment and at least one replication.

Behavior Change

The measurable alteration in a subject's actions resulting from applied treatments.

Threats to Internal Validity

Factors that can undermine the credibility of study findings, such as uncontrolled variables.

Observed Variability

The fluctuations and discrepancies observed in data points during a study.

Ethical Issues

Considerations regarding the moral implications of treatment changes or reversals in research.

Clinical Applications

The integration of experimental research findings into practical, real-world therapeutic settings.