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Vocabulary flashcards covering the key terms and definitions related to viruses, their structure, and their role in cell biology.
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Viruses
Not made of cells; they use cells to make more viruses by taking them over and using them as a virus factory for reproduction.
Virus Structure
Particles of nucleic acid coated with protein, sometimes with a lipid envelope; reproduce by infecting host cells.
Capsid
The protein coat that surrounds the nucleic acid in all viruses, protecting the nucleic acid.
Enveloped Viruses
Viruses with a membranous envelope, like the influenza virus, which take some of the host cell membrane as they leave the cell.
Coronaviruses
A class of viruses that are enveloped and single-stranded RNA, causing mild flu-like or common cold symptoms.
Spike Proteins
Proteins that stick outside of the virus, used to help the virus get into the host cell; a key target for immune system recognition and vaccine development.
Nucleases
Enzymes that can degrade or break down nucleic acids, used to determine if a virus has an RNA or DNA genome.
Bacteriophage
Viruses that infect bacteria.